We're hearing when we talk to industry, including as part of the director-general's third way process, that there is some unused manufacturing capacity but not large quantities. We have not been able to identify large quantities of production capacity.
As well, we're learning that, even if there were large unused production capacity, it's not as if this production capacity can be used overnight to increase vaccine production, nor is it clear to us at this point—and we continue to ask the questions and examine this issue—how the suspension of IP rights or a waiver of TRIPS would actually unlock this unused production capacity.
This is a difficult issue for us to get our heads around, but we're not hearing about large-scale production capacity issues. I should also say that when we have been talking to industry stakeholders, the constraint does not seem to be IP but the complexities associated with technology transfer.
As you point out, the IP is one issue, but it's the transfer of the know-how. It's not as simple as simply creating a recipe and saying, “Here is the recipe.” This notion of unused production capacity is not just related to a facility, but also to having the technological know-how to receive the information, which would result in increased production.