House of Commons Hansard #36 of the 43rd Parliament, 2nd Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was language.

Topics

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:40 p.m.

Conservative

Gérard Deltell Conservative Louis-Saint-Laurent, QC

Madam Chair, I thank my colleague, the government House leader, for agreeing to our proposal to hold a four-hour take-note debate tonight about the importance of French in Montreal.

I want to thank the member for Honoré-Mercier for the quality of his comments. I have great respect and esteem for him. Everyone who paid attention can see that he is an inspiration to all men and women around the world who would like to live here, in Canada and in Quebec. It is possible for someone who arrived in Canada at the age of 10 or 12 and who did not know any French to eventually end up here, in the House of Commons, seated not at the right hand of the Father, but at the left hand of the Prime Minister of Canada. Let us be modest, at least.

It just so happens that the minister told us earlier today about learning the word “ici”, which is how he started to learn French. However, here in the House of Commons, he is a cabinet minister and the political lieutenant for Quebec. Like all Canadians and Quebeckers, he heard the member for Saint-Laurent question the fragility of French in Quebec in a manner that was extremely offensive. Like all Quebeckers, the political lieutenant heard his party's top official in Quebec express doubts about the fragility of French. Like all Canadians and Quebeckers, he saw two prominent Liberal Party figures back down and apologize. Like all Canadians and Quebeckers, he also saw that half an hour after leaving the Standing Committee on Official Languages, voluntarily, she says, the member for Saint-Laurent “liked” a tweet by a person who cast doubt on—

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:40 p.m.

NDP

The Deputy Chair NDP Carol Hughes

Order.

The member spoke for two minutes. This is not the time for speeches but for questions and comments. I am sorry, but I have to give others the opportunity to speak.

The hon. leader of the government.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier, QC

Madam Chair, I thank my colleague for whom I have a great deal of respect. It is because I have so much respect for him that his words touch me so. I thank him for the kind things he said about me and for pointing out that I was able to learn French and to make something of myself.

My colleague asked me what I have seen. I have seen the Prime Minister stand up in the House not far from where I am now standing and say just how important Bill 101 is and how important it is to defend the French language. I have seen my colleague from Ahuntsic-Cartierville working hard every day to modernize the Official Languages Act, which will revolutionize a number of things. I have seen members from every region of Quebec, including my two colleagues from Quebec City, my friend's neighbours, the Minister of Foreign Affairs who is from Shawinigan and my colleagues from other parts of Quebec who, every time they speak, do so as proud francophones and proud Quebeckers. There are 35 MPs from Quebec and all over the country that will always defend the French fact.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:45 p.m.

Bloc

Sébastien Lemire Bloc Abitibi—Témiscamingue, QC

Madam Chair, I thank my colleague, the House leader, for his intervention.

He spoke fervently about our beautiful language with its exquisite words and the accents that recall its past. He contributed his own accent, which was much appreciated.

My question is simple. Will we be hearing from the member for Saint-Laurent this evening, the member the Liberal Party threw under the bus a week ago?

I think her point of view would be tremendously important, especially since she herself is a child of Bill 101. If we want to figure out how we can all get along with each other, in contrast to the ghettoization brought on by multiculturalism, and if we really want to make French the common tongue in Montreal, then listening to young newcomers and reaching out to them would make good sense. Will we be hearing from her this evening?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier, QC

Madam Chair, I would like to tell my colleague that getting along with people also means avoiding deeply personal attacks.

Speaking of personal attacks, the leader of the Bloc Québécois called the Minister of Official Languages an enemy. We could do without such words in the House, at a time when the use of violent and inappropriate words online and elsewhere is on the rise. We can disagree on many things in many different ways. We can have our own points of view, but I would never consider the Bloc Québécois an enemy. Never.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:45 p.m.

Scarborough—Rouge Park Ontario

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree LiberalParliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations

Madam Chair, first I want to thank my friend, the minister, for his very passionate discussion today on French and the importance of the French language, not just in Quebec, but across the country. We, as the government and as a party, are so committed to preserving it.

My family landed in Montreal. Sadly, we did not end up staying there for too long, but could the minister give us some examples of newcomers to Quebec who settled in and now speak the language? The area he represents is very diverse. What does he feel when he sees the many different cultures that have embraced the French language and are flourishing in Montreal?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier, QC

Madam Chair, I am one of those examples. As I mentioned, when I came here I only spoke Spanish. I did not speak a word of French or English. My English is still not very good, but it is still there.

My colleague from Hochelaga came from Chile. There are many examples in this room of people who learned French and English. They are so proud to live their life in this country and represent it as best as they can.

The beauty of our Quebec and Canadian society is that it makes no difference whether you come from somewhere else or were born here. The beauty is that we can all live together in harmony, and we all want to raise our children in peace and democracy, giving them the best possible opportunities, all while respecting both official languages.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:50 p.m.

Conservative

Gérard Deltell Conservative Louis-Saint-Laurent, QC

Madam Chair, I have something I would like to say to the political lieutenant for Quebec. His party's biggest supporter in Quebec, the member for Saint-Laurent, offered to step down from the committee and liked a tweet that once again questioned the quality, importance and fragility of French in Montreal.

How can he tolerate having someone on his team who would challenge the reality facing Quebeckers like that?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:50 p.m.

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier, QC

Madam Chair, I thought the debate would be on the decline of French and the importance of defending and promoting it, not that it would be an opportunity to attack certain individuals. This surprises me a bit, coming from my hon. colleague.

In his very eloquent presentation, my hon. colleague forgot to mention that the Prime Minister has recognized the importance of Bill 101 and defending French. He did not talk about my colleague's hard work on the official languages file or point out that many members stand up here every day to defend French. We are proud of that language.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:50 p.m.

Bloc

Caroline Desbiens Bloc Beauport—Côte-de-Beaupré—Île d’Orléans—Charlevoix, QC

Madam Chair, I was blown away by the speech by our colleague across the way.

I have a question for him. He said that when he arrived in Quebec he was inspired by great Quebec authors, composers and poets.

What does he think of the platform that is left for Quebec artists who want to express themselves in French in the arts right now?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:50 p.m.

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Honoré-Mercier, QC

Madam Chair, I thank my colleague for that very important question.

Our culture is who we are. It is our identity, our past, our present and our future. Our artists, whether in the field of music, television or film, are going through a difficult and complex time because there has been a major shift from traditional media to digital media. We went from cassettes, records and CDs to listening online. That is why we need to overhaul the Broadcasting Act. That is precisely what my colleague the Minister of Canadian Heritage did to protect French content on all platforms.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

6:50 p.m.

Durham Ontario

Conservative

Erin O'Toole ConservativeLeader of the Opposition

Madam Chair, thanks to my colleague, the Conservative member for Louis-Saint-Laurent, this evening we will be debating the importance the French language in Canada.

Before beginning my speech, I want to address all francophones in Canada. I want to tell them that I am proud to live in a country that was born in French. French is not just an official language, it is a national language. It is part of the core identity of our country, our culture and our heritage. It is the flag of the Quebec nation, Acadians and many francophone communities across the country from Restigouche to St. Boniface and from Grande Prairie to Grand-Pré.

Many Canadians have personal stories about the French language. I was born in Quebec but moved to Ontario when I was only 18 months old. Unfortunately, I had not mastered French before turning two years old. I learned French in the Canadian Armed Forces when I was 18. I am proud to be bilingual. It was important as an officer in the air force and it is important to me now as a member of Parliament. Canada's English-speaking and French-speaking politicians have a responsibility to protect the French language in Canada.

Being the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada means being the leader of the party that united our country through an alliance between two founding peoples, a union that was always enriched by the contributions of first nations.

I often speak against the destruction of statues of John A. Macdonald, but I started to speak against the cancel culture three years ago by defending one of the French-speaking Fathers of Confederation, Hector Langevin. Quebec's true blue Tories played a central role in the creation of Canada.

Yes, being the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada means following in the footsteps of Sir John A. Macdonald and Sir George-Étienne Cartier, monumental figures in our history who recognized that, together, we can do great things. It means leading the party that fought to include Quebec in our Constitution, with honour and enthusiasm.

It also means being the leader of the party that fought to recognize the Quebec nation, while the Liberals have done everything in their power over the last 60 years to suppress Quebec nationalism. The truth is that Quebeckers have always been better represented by the Conservative Party, and that still holds true today.

The Internet, Netflix, Instagram, Twitter, iPhones, none of that existed when the Official Languages Act was adopted. It needs to be updated. The Liberals refuse to do it quickly. They prefer to focus on other issues, they prefer discussion to action. However, what the Liberals do not want to discuss is the need for much stronger action in Quebec.

Montreal, the city where I was born, is the second-largest French-speaking city in the world, and it has to remain so. There are seven million francophones in Quebec in an ocean of 779 million people in North America. It is normal for Quebec to have laws in place to protect French. Not only are these laws necessary, they are desirable.

Between 1996 and 2016, the percentage of people whose first language is French dropped from 52% to 46%. For a long time, Liberals refused to protect French in Quebec because they did not want to harm linguistic minorities in Canada.

Some commentators suggested in bad faith that the anglophone minority in Quebec is the equivalent of the francophone minorities in other parts of the country. But that is a false equivalency. There is no comparison at all between the two groups in the North American context, where hundreds of millions of anglophones live. Among the two languages, only French is endangered. For Liberals, a francophone Quebec is not even a reality we have to live with.

For us Conservatives, a francophone Quebec is a source of pride. It is a part of a heritage we must fight for. The Conservative Party proposes to apply Bill 101 to federally regulated businesses in Quebec. We will support the measures the Legault government will take to defend French. Protecting the existence of the only francophone nation in North America is a worthy project. It is a patriotic and Canadian endeavour.

The Conservative Party will take part in the fight to protect and promote French in Quebec and in other parts of the country. We will step up. They can count on me and my colleagues for French to remain the common language of Quebec, the language of work in Quebec and a source of pride for all.

The central place of French in Quebec makes Canada a strong country and a bilingual country. We cannot afford to lose that.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7 p.m.

Honoré-Mercier Québec

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez LiberalLeader of the Government in the House of Commons

Madam Chair, I listened to that with great interest from both here and outside.

I would like to know how the official opposition leader can reconcile what he said with the actions taken when the Conservative Party was in government. I am thinking, for example, of the major cuts to our culture. There were cuts to CBC/Radio-Canada and to official languages. There is also the fact that the Conservative Party refuses to appoint bilingual judges to the Supreme Court.

How can the member reconcile what he is saying right now with the past actions taken by the Conservative Party, which remains part of its legacy?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7 p.m.

Conservative

Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham, ON

Madam Chair, the Leader of the Government in the House of Commons is a bit tired this evening, even before the questions.

In my speech on Bill 101, I said that it was time to modernize federally regulated businesses. That is fair.

When I was a lawyer in the private sector, I worked for Gillette, a big corporation, and I worked closely with the Office québécois de la langue française. It is not fair that banks and big telecommunications companies are not subject to this law. It is time to modernize the Official Languages Act by taking Bill 101 into account.

That is why we are here this evening. We have a strong team and a new leader. It is time to modernize our laws for the good of French in Canada.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7 p.m.

Bloc

Mario Simard Bloc Jonquière, QC

Madam Chair, I listened carefully to the leader of the official opposition. I note that we are approaching the holidays.

It makes me think of Christmas. At Christmas, everyone gets dressed up. At least, that is what happens in Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean. Everyone gets dressed up and puts on their beautiful jewellery. It is a special occasion. The leader of the official opposition showed off his fine jewellery. However, if we examine the Conservatives' past actions with respect to the appointment of judges, nothing happened.

Today, we are being told that the Conservatives would be amenable to applying Bill 101. Why did they never do so? That is my question. When they have an opportunity to do something, they do not do it.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7 p.m.

Conservative

Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham, ON

Madam Chair, I thank my Bloc Québécois colleague for his question, and I wish him a merry Christmas.

I have been the leader of the Conservative Party for three months, and I just told the story of my personal experience with the French language. I learned French in the Canadian Armed Forces. It was important when I was an officer in the CAF, and it is important today. I appreciate our history. Canada's history is the history of a country that was founded in French. That is why I will protect it, and I am proud of that as well.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

NDP

Alexandre Boulerice NDP Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie, QC

Madam Chair, I really appreciated the speech by the leader of the Conservative Party, especially when he took up the NDP's idea to extend the scope of Bill 101 to federally regulated businesses in Quebec.

I would like him to comment on the key role that Radio-Canada's radio and television programming plays in many francophone minority communities across the country. Why did his party seem unable to make clear commitments in favour of funding for Radio-Canada?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

Conservative

Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham, ON

Madam Chair, I thank the NDP member for his question.

He should take a look at my policies because I am proud of Radio-Canada. It is important to have services for francophones in Quebec as well as for minority communities across the country.

I will modernize English-language television because there is a lot of choice in English. That is not the case in French. That is why it is time to provide more services in French and indigenous languages. That is an example of services in the public interest. With respect to private-sector competition in English-language digital television, that makes no sense in 2020 when we have Netflix, Disney+ and Amazon.

That is why it is time to modernize the Official Languages Act, and the government needs to do it before Christmas.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

Madawaska—Restigouche New Brunswick

Liberal

René Arseneault LiberalParliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Economic Development and Official Languages (Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency and Official Languages)

Madam Chair, what an interesting and sanctimonious speech.

The opposition leader was right about how Canada started in French. Maybe members need a refresher. It all started when Acadia was established in 1604. I am a proud descendant and representative of the Acadians, as are so many.

I saw what the Conservatives did when they slashed the court challenges program, a destructive move whose impact is still being felt today because people could not fight for their rights. I saw the cuts to Radio-Canada, our only national news source. There are plenty of other examples.

Just like anyone else in Canada, no matter what language they speak, education is certainly the main thing that francophones outside Quebec need. Education is the most important tool we have to build a better future.

Why were you taking so long to say something about Collège Saint-Jean and its importance? Would you please comment on that?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

NDP

The Deputy Chair NDP Carol Hughes

I remind the parliamentary secretary that he has to address his comments to the Chair.

The hon. Leader of the Opposition.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

Conservative

Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham, ON

Madam Chair, I thank my colleague, the parliamentary secretary, for the question.

He should have listened a bit more closely because I just mentioned the Acadians in Restigouche and Grand-Pré. I lived in Nova Scotia during my time in the air force. They are an important community. Both of our national languages need to be protected in Quebec and from coast to coast.

We are proposing policies to do just that. That is not what the hon. member's colleague, the member for Saint-Laurent, thinks should be done. She refused to acknowledge the decline of French in Montreal. That is unacceptable, and that is why we are here tonight, thanks to the efforts of the Conservative Party.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:05 p.m.

Conservative

Alain Rayes Conservative Richmond—Arthabaska, QC

Madam Chair, I congratulate the leader of the official opposition for his speech. I say “leader of the official opposition”, but what I mean is “future prime minister of Canada.” His speech filled me with pride. Obviously, our political opponents try to demonize the Conservative Party, but I believe we have a strong leader who is demonstrating his knowledge of both official languages and the French language in Quebec and throughout Canada. I have a question for him.

What goes through his mind when he hears the government House leader and other Liberals try to lecture us on French when the member for Saint-Laurent cannot even acknowledge that French is in decline? What goes through his mind when he sees the Quebec president of the Liberal Party of Canada denigrate French? What goes through his mind when the member for Mount Royal keeps saying that Bill 101 is not important?

Is it legitimate for Quebec to seek to extend the scope of Bill 101 to federally regulated businesses? What are his thoughts on that?

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:10 p.m.

Conservative

Erin O'Toole Conservative Durham, ON

Madam Chair, I thank the hon. member for the question and for his extraordinary remarks in both official languages.

I am disappointed by the comments that were made by the hon. member for Saint-Laurent and the president of the Liberal Party in Quebec. Liberal Party leaders in Quebec denied that French is in decline in Montreal. That is unacceptable. We must protect French.

As I said in my speech, I am proud of that as an MP, as a veteran, and as a Montrealer. We must modernize the Official Languages Act. The government House leader needs to introduce a bill before Christmas. Also, a generation later, we need to look at Bill 101. It is time for federally regulated businesses to contribute to protecting French as the language of work in Quebec.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:10 p.m.

Bloc

Yves-François Blanchet Bloc Beloeil—Chambly, QC

Madam Chair, I rise this evening to speak about issues that I think are important.

I will begin by talking a little about Quebec culture. We recently talked about the program La petite vie. We are going to talk about it a little more. In one of the most popular episodes, Ti-Mé has a watch that vibrates when he tells a lie. If it were the member for Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie, his arm would have fallen off a few minutes ago. Saying that applying the Charter of the French Language to federally regulated businesses was the NDP's idea is just one of the countless foolish things that those members have said.

However, I have good thoughts and good words for the leader of the official opposition. I understand that the official opposition will support this bill. I believe that his affection for the French language is sincere. The leader of the opposition's fluency in French has improved dramatically since he took up his current position.

I respectfully submit to his attention, however, that Quebeckers are not asking federalist parties to protect French. They are asking federalist parties to respect Quebec's exclusive jurisdiction and the absolute legitimacy of Quebeckers when it comes to protecting their national language. This belongs to Quebeckers only.

If the Official Languages Act is to play a role for all francophones outside Quebec and for our Acadian friends, we will be very happy to be their voice here, in Parliament.

In fact, the Bloc Québécois put forward a bill to apply the Charter of the French Language to federally regulated businesses. The Bloc Québécois also introduced a bill which would mandate a minimal knowledge of French for any person wishing to become a Canadian citizen while living in Quebec. I again count on the support of the Conservatives, given their respect for the French language in Quebec.

Recently, the Liberal Party of Canada swept under the rug, a very thick rug given the amount of dust piling up, the comments of Liberal figures, taken from a whole anthology which was alluded to. The same party, instead of taking its responsibilities regarding French and the official languages, wants to have a white paper. That is an excellent name because its pages will probably be completely white also. It will be an utterly empty document.

Lastly, there is Bill C-10 on broadcasting. The minister bragged about the fact that the industry did not ask for a minimal percentage of French content. What a feat! Welcome to the Liberal Party, where people are thrilled to see there is no obligation regarding French content.

The Liberal Party is a bit stuck. Given the attention that this subject is attracting, the Liberals could very well lose a lot of ground in Quebec by going that route.

Why would the issue of French be dealt with differently this time? After all, this issue has been raised many times. The Quebec National Assembly has frequently spoken out about it. The federal government has attacked French many times. Those attacks have been accumulating.

A few months ago, the Liberal Party, mainly through its NDP butlers, started sending the message that the Bloc Québécois is a bunch of racists. The same thing was being said about the Government of Quebec and, by extension, all Quebeckers since they support the Quebec government's policies. Quebeckers got fed up and said that they supported the state secularism law and Quebec values on freedom of expression.

Once again, there were attacks and a denigration of the French language condoned by the highest power in this country. Of course the jurisdictions and expertise of this government are highly questionable. We will not get into the issue of vaccines again. We will come back to that another time.

The issue of language has come up again at a time when there is friction. Quebeckers are fed up, not just of being told what to do, but even worse, of being told that they do not have the right to be. For a long time, Quebec society has been seen as a bunch of hippies with flowers in their hair and with very left-wing values. Perhaps that is not too far off the mark. A lot of work went into giving Quebeckers a bad reputation, even though Quebec is a progressive, welcoming and generous society. At a certain point, people get fed up.

That is the context in which the issue of language has come up again. The argument that this is discrimination against anglophones, a historic minority, comes up again and again. I always say that Quebec would not be what it is today without that valuable contribution. This is a source of some confusion, but the historic anglophone minority in western Quebec, which now extends well beyond Montreal, has rights and privileges. Of all the rights and privileges enjoyed by the anglophone community, the right to integrate immigrants who choose Quebec into the English-speaking community is not one of them. There is no such thing. The national and common language in Quebec, the only official language in Quebec, is French. In exchange for the generous welcome offered by Quebeckers, those who choose Quebec, who are most welcome of course, are legitimately expected to have a minimum knowledge of this language. This seems to be a value, a request, a healthy and legitimate expectation.

I would go even further and say that the generous welcome offered to immigrants comes with obligations. When I talk about the integration of immigrants, more often than not, I am talking about economic integration rather than cultural and linguistic integration. Indeed, the main thing these individuals want when they choose Quebec is to rebuild their lives there with a minimum chance of prosperity. This brings us back to language. Language proficiency is the first and most important tool for harmonious economic, social and cultural integration in Quebec.

Quebec would not be doing its job if it did not ensure that all people who live on the inalienable territory of Quebec have at least a minimum knowledge of French. It is our duty, economically as well as linguistically and culturally, and for the survival of the nation and the culture that we represent.

For all these reasons, the issue must indeed come up again. The first tool for many things is a common language, and the common language in Quebec, no matter what some Liberals might say, will not be English. Let us be very clear, that language is French. That is what Quebeckers want. Good old-fashioned guilt trips will not work on Quebeckers anymore.

I will conclude by saying this: People can go ahead, keep on provoking Quebeckers, but they should watch out. Once Quebec stands up, it will not stop.

Status of the French Language in MontrealGovernment Orders

7:20 p.m.

Honoré-Mercier Québec

Liberal

Pablo Rodriguez LiberalLeader of the Government in the House of Commons

Madam Chair, I would like to tell my Bloc Québécois colleague that Quebec is already standing up.

I will now give him another opportunity to withdraw the words he said when he attacked the Minister of Economic Development, calling her an enemy. I can understand that we may disagree on certain issues and have different points of view, but there are no enemies in this House. My opinions may differ from those of the Bloc Québécois, but I would never see the Bloc or any of its members as enemies. My colleague has an opportunity to withdraw his words.