Status of Women committee  In part, it happens because any time one message is being amplified, others get lowered. Someone's message is less likely to be trending if someone else's is. There's a limited number of spots. Some platforms also have what's called “downvoting”, in which users not only can boo

Status of Women committee  Thank you to the committee for inviting MediaSmarts to testify on this issue. Our research suggests that algorithms and the collection of the data that make them work are poorly understood by youth. Only one in six young Canadians feel that the companies that operate social net

Status of Women committee  I didn't mean violence necessarily, but certainly a male-oriented vision of sexuality in which men are subjects and women are objects and porn is all about men's pleasure.

Status of Women committee  It's not just porn. There are many examples of this stereotyped sexuality in all kinds of media that youth and adults consume.

Status of Women committee  I'm not aware of any quantitative research specifically relating to pornography and sexting. There's certainly qualitative research that suggests a strong connection. Quantitatively, it is clear that pornography and, in general, sexualized media have a strong influence on how y

Status of Women committee  It shows we need comprehensive digital literacy education, with all of the elements that I've described earlier, in every classroom for every student from kindergarten through grade 12, and ideally beyond.

Status of Women committee  First of all, fund research. It's not only our research that's worth funding; there is lots of great research going on. A number of iterations of our research received federal funding, but it's not just original research that we need: we also need to have evaluations of interv

Status of Women committee  I think it's always dangerous or risky to get hung up on buzzwords, but I would have to echo what Professor Bailey said. We do know. We know from a great deal of research that some youth are more at risk of being victims of cyberviolence of various kinds and also suffer more harm

Status of Women committee  I would simply say yes. Obviously we do provide a lot of resources for parents. Parents and teachers are our two main audiences, as well as youth through them. We think it's really important to provide parents with accurate information, which is why the research is so important

Status of Women committee  I should point out that our digital literacy resources as well as our media literacy resources do go from kindergarten to grade 12. What Professor Bailey said shows why media literacy is an essential element.

Status of Women committee  Yes, that's right.

Status of Women committee  You can actually find the methodology in our research, which is available online. All of our research and 95% of our teacher, parent, and youth resources are available for free on our website online, so I won't go into it in too much detail. Essentially it was conducted in clas

Status of Women committee  Both of those are really complicated notions to unpack. In fact, we were careful in our questionnaire not to use the term “cyberbullying” because we have a strong sense, from American research, that this is not a term that has meaning for youth. It's something they see adults usi

Status of Women committee  It's slightly lower. It's roughly 8%. That's 8% of those students who had access to a cellphone in grades 7 through 11.

Status of Women committee  I think with regard to that 90%, what's important to remember is that in our statistics, it was simply a question of whether a photo had been forwarded and not whether it was consensual or not. It was not whether the person reporting it had any issue with it. There's very littl