Electoral Reform committee  It's important at this point to draw analogies from what Mr. Hughes talked about with mixed member proportional, because it's very much the same. There are MPs—the top-up MPs, as I often refer to them—who have broader responsibilities than do MPs in the local ridings. I think it

Electoral Reform committee  I think the voters are smart enough to tell the difference. I think those freeloading freeloaders, if we can use that term, would pay the price in the next election. It could be that they can attract enough votes to still squeak by, but it also might be the case that they're turf

Electoral Reform committee  I've run a number of different models, some of which maintain 338 MPs and make the ridings a little bit bigger as needed to make room for those extra list MPs, while still maintaining 338. I have also run simulations or models where we keep 338 ridings for individual MPs and add

Electoral Reform committee  Certainly, we could take an incremental approach. The question, I think, is, can we trust those in power to actually follow through on the good intentions? Can we trust those in power to actually add the extra, the new MPs, to that top-up or to the list? If we can indeed trust th

Electoral Reform committee  First of all, let me say that that list of questions was not meant to be distributed. That was for me to have in my hip pocket just in case everybody gave me a blank look. Nevertheless, since you have the list of questions, let me address it. I think that alternative vote makes

Electoral Reform committee  I'm not sure that my simulations really have much to say about the instability of public policy. That's not something that I've attempted to model. I'm not sure that it's something I can model.

Electoral Reform committee  Yes. I was trying to be generous.

Electoral Reform committee  Correct.

Electoral Reform committee  Yes.

Electoral Reform committee  No, I have not looked at dual-member proportional yet.

Electoral Reform committee  I have done a model of Mr. Kingsley's proposal. I didn't show a graph because the graph makes it look very good, but if you look at the composite Gallagher index, which I did not have enough time to talk about, it shows that it's not as good as it could be.

Electoral Reform committee  Sure. Once again, the composite Gallagher index takes into account disproportionality between different regions of the country, and for Mr. Kingsley's proposal, in the simulations or the modelling that I did, it appeared to be very proportional, but in fact, regionally it was d

Electoral Reform committee  Yes.

Electoral Reform committee  Not quite.

Electoral Reform committee  It's hard to tell on these monitors, but those lines come in coloured pairs. There are two red ones, two green ones, two blue ones—