Finance committee  There are two separate dimensions to your question. You'll see that in my submission, I actually suggest that the new National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians and the new national security intelligence review agency, as well as the Civilian Review and Co

Public Safety committee  We all make do with the resources we have, right?

Public Safety committee  The submission is more than 10 minutes, so I'll just highlight a few points. I tried to make sure I circulated it beforehand so we can go into some of the other issues. As always, it will be my pleasure to answer your questions in both official languages, but I will be making m

Public Safety committee  The challenge with these interventions is that they don't meet the threshold of force, so we don't have an international regime under which we could ultimately classify what this constitutes. It's clearly an exploitation of our network, and it hearkens back to the problem with th

Public Safety committee  There are two vulnerabilities here, and I actually think we're much closer to cyberwar than people think, precisely because of these vulnerabilities. One is that our adversaries overestimate their capacities in this space. As a result of overestimating their ability, because they

Public Safety committee  We know how to make devices and phones more secure. It's a matter of actually stepping up and making that a requirement. I can walk you through all the technical premises behind this. It continues to amaze me that in this industry, in the applications it uses, when you download

Public Safety committee  I think there are four categories that we need to think of. It hearkens back to your earlier question. I think the lowest level is the propaganda level, which is equivalent to graffiti on the wall, taking down a website, or something like that. Then you have subversion, sabotage,

Public Safety committee  There are four different strategies that countries can take with regard to data. Maybe I will make a separate submission to explain, because it might take up too much time.

Public Safety committee  There are only four strategies that countries can pursue. I think that, given the disproportionate advantage Canada has with the number of data farms that Canada already houses—we're in a cold climate and we have lots of relatively cheap electricity, so lots of private players ar

Public Safety committee  We have the capacity to do that; it's just a question of.... That's why I say that some regulation and tax incentives and whatnot can help in that regard.

Public Safety committee  AI is not this sort of fantastic, magical hat we pull a rabbit out of and whatnot. I mean, AI is just math. It's just fancy, sophisticated math and its applications. While the government has invested significantly in various applications of that, the irony is that the government

Public Safety committee  The centre is a collaborative effort between the United Kingdom Government Communications Headquarters, or GCHQ, and Huawei. Its purpose is to strengthen links with Huawei and give the GCHQ the opportunity to verify the security of that enterprise's equipment. Despite that collab

Public Safety committee  In the interest of clarity, I will answer in English. I think there are a couple of key risks. One is the pyramidal structures of the switches within the Internet. The higher up you are in that pyramid, the more traffic you can extract from the Internet. Currently, our adversar

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I'm ready to go.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you for inviting me. I will be pleased to answer any questions you have in either official language. I'll provide some context and then give a sense of where we stand with the current bill and some of the things in it that I think could be remedied in a broader way forwar