National Defence committee  I would suggest that the question's probably better addressed to Mr. Shea since he represents NATO.

National Defence committee  The additional comment I would make is that intelligence sharing is based upon knowing what intelligence is actually meaningful to the domain. I think that one challenge we have in cyber is actually knowing what is meaningful and actionable intelligence that you can work on. Ind

National Defence committee  I'll give you a very indirect answer. We have difficulty with that even domestically. There is no mechanism that compels, for example, banks to share information among themselves of threats they may share in common. There's no thing to compel telecommunication carriers, for examp

National Defence committee  I think, to be honest, cyber is much wider than the way we've defined it right now. The emergence of autonomous, AI-based systems leads us into areas that I think start becoming really, really crucial to understand, simply because of the fact that the decision cycles over how the

National Defence committee  Rapidly, I think that on the NATO level, one of the things that has made NATO an exceptionally effective alliance in its past is the focus on interoperability and inter-operation. In terms of the cyber domain, although there's been a declaration of cyber as an operational domai

National Defence committee  I think there are two separate questions there, but I can address them. I think that part of it is answering the question you had asked Ms. Moon about whether we can live in a world absent of nuclear weapons and how that links to NATO. I think, in particular, the U.S. declaratio

National Defence committee  It's a broad question, but I'll give you a small slice of it, which I think pertains specifically to the cyber-environment itself. One of the interesting paradoxes is that some of the more successful employments of code-based attacks—if you want to call them that—against critic

National Defence committee  No, I don't think so. On the technical level, I'd say that the United States especially still is the paramount cyber-power in the world. I think that's quite undisputed. In terms of the level of scope or openness to be able to experiment in the operational domain, I think the Ru

National Defence committee  The question pertains to this entanglement between the nuclear and cyber domains, as it pertains to the development of new classes of both nuclear weapons, as well as the actors that are involved. This isn't a physics lesson, but one of the characteristics of nuclear weapons, par

National Defence committee  Thank you very much. It's an honour and a privilege to be in front of the committee in person this morning. I'd like to predicate my brief comments with a few remarks on position I take on these issues—in other words, where I'm coming from—and the importance of addressing this a