Natural Resources committee  I would like to add to that. Ports represent a really great opportunity to deploy hydrogen, because you have the drayage trucks. We are pushing our products in the port of Vancouver so we should see, hopefully, some drayage trucking operation shortly. You have the yard trucks in

Natural Resources committee  No, it's just at the tailpipe during the operation of the bus. It doesn't consider the whole life cycle. Maybe to that comment I'd highlight that producing a fuel cell from cradle to gate—from the components to the assembly and the shipping to the bus OEM—is much less carbon in

Natural Resources committee  Yes, it will. I think at the stage today when we are trying to really drive cost reduction for technology, if barriers to trade, especially within North America—I think the buy America regulation is a good example—might force production sites to multiply across borders, increasi

Natural Resources committee  I think it depends on the scale of use. Are we going to need both technologies, both battery electric and fuel cell electric, depending on the use of the vehicle? At the end of the day, a fuel cell engine is very similar to a diesel engine, but much less complex. There are many

Natural Resources committee  Yes. China is rising as one of the big competitors that is interested in Canada. It has been leading the fuel cell industry for a long time. We've seen massive investments in technology in China to bring up their knowledge and their know-how, with investments in IP development an

Natural Resources committee  I think I would echo the comments made by Mr. Romano. I think we need to start looking at those freight corridors and at investing in heavy-duty hydrogen refuelling stations in those freight corridors that are the most important and contribute the most to emissions. I think that'

Natural Resources committee  Thank you for your question. I believe, as I mentioned earlier, that heavy-duty mobility is really where hydrogen provides one of the most attractive value propositions. I think the high energy density of hydrogen enables a lot of energy to be packed on those vehicles. If a veh

Natural Resources committee  It's a really good question. I wish I had an answer for you. I think it's going to depend on the ability of the industry, like Ballard on the fuel cell side or the engine side, to drive the cost, and I think for that we are on the right track. We have been reducing a lot of cost

Natural Resources committee  Good morning, everyone. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, thank you very much for allowing me to be a witness on your panel today. I am very happy to be representing Ballard Power Systems. Ballard is a Canadian company, based in British Columbia. Today, globally, we em

International Trade committee  It's a very good question. I'd like maybe to respond with an alternative approach. Maybe one way to do it is to start with heavy-duty mobility buses and trucks. You start with a fleet-operated vehicle. Those vehicles have the largest contribution to emissions compared with a pe

International Trade committee  Yes.

International Trade committee  I totally agree with that. I think we're starting to see that, whereas traditionally, conventional internal combustion engines are not produced in Canada—only part of them—I think that with the zero-emission mobility we have the opportunity now to see that value chain being rede

International Trade committee  Yes, I absolutely agree. We are seeing that in China. There's a policy in China on fuel cell technology, really driven towards localization. There are rules in place. The numbers...every year, more and more components need to be produced in China with Chinese technology. Yes, we

International Trade committee  Absolutely, that's something that can be discussed, to see how we can make those barriers less constraining, both for the Canadian technology sector, which has been investing for a long time in developing that technology, and for China, to achieve its emission reduction goals.

International Trade committee  Actually a fuel cell doesn't use a rare earth element. It uses platinum. There is a bit of platinum, but it is recycled at 95%.