Industry committee  There definitely needs to be harmonization. My colleague Michael McEvoy mentioned this in his opening remarks. So there are obligations. For the most part, right now there are slight nuances in the terminology in the application of the laws, but we can work well together if the r

Industry committee  In Quebec, the Montreal declaration was a kind of voluntary code. I think that this is a step in the right direction and that it's normal to go through this. It takes a long time to find the right balance and to pass legislation. A lot of concerns have been raised about certain

Industry committee  I agree with my colleagues. This is a power that encourages compliance. If a business doesn't wish to comply, it knows that, at the end of the day, it can be ordered to take the necessary steps to comply. I think it creates an incentive for businesses to comply, and it makes it e

Industry committee  I think it's possible to adopt a number of approaches to an AI framework. However, a consensus is emerging—in Quebec at least—that artificial intelligence must be regulated and that, as we have seen so far, self‑regulation has its limits. Quebec's position, or the position of the

Industry committee  Perhaps I can answer the question first. This is something new in Bill 25. The provisions are first set out in the Election Act, meaning that Quebec's Election Act provides that provincial political parties and independent members must comply with the provisions set out in the A

Industry committee  I'm concerned about all the provisions of Bill C‑27 dealing with anonymized and de‑identified information, particularly with regard to interoperability. There's also the issue of administrative monetary penalties and the scope of those penalties that could be imposed under the bi

Industry committee  Our organization, the Commission d'accès à l'information du Québec, has a mission to promote the rights of access to documents and the protection of personal information. I think that all my colleagues across Canada feel it's their duty to do so, even if it isn't written in their

Industry committee  The Government of Quebec has mandated the Conseil de l'innovation du Québec to conduct collective reflection and advise it on how to regulate artificial intelligence. Among the questions is whether it should be regulated and, if so, how it should be done. As I mentioned, the Con

Industry committee  Thank you for the question. This goes a little bit to what we were discussing, that is, the issue of interoperability. As I was saying, a company may have to comply with two sets of rules. The two acts may apply at the same time in certain situations. It's happening right now, a

Industry committee  Bill 25 provides for this obligation, which has been in effect since last September. It's not called privacy management programs. It's called an obligation to adopt governance policies and practices, but it amounts to the same thing. The content corresponds to what we see at th

Industry committee  I'm sorry, but I didn't understand the question.

Industry committee  In fact, this is the basis for developing a culture of privacy. It can be adapted throughout the company or the types of personal information that need to be dealt with. Since its inception as a start‑up company, Clearview AI, a very small company, has used a significant amount

Industry committee  Yes, specific consultations were held by a commission of the National Assembly of Quebec. A number of stakeholders, both private sector representatives and citizens' representatives, were able to express their views. The Commission d'accès à l'information du Québec, of course, to

Industry committee  I certainly share my colleagues' concerns about the interoperability of the act in a context where the obligations would not be exactly the same. The fact that similar protection applies across the country is important for Canadian citizens, but also for businesses. They can oper

Industry committee  In terms of businesses that are subject to the Quebec legislation, it's any business that engages in organized economic activity and that, as part of that business, collects, uses, discloses, holds or retains personal information in Quebec. So it's quite broad. It covers commerci