Evidence of meeting #72 for Citizenship and Immigration in the 44th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was education.

A recording is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

MPs speaking

Also speaking

Aaron McCrorie  Vice-President, Intelligence and Enforcement, Canada Border Services Agency
Carl Desmarais  Director General, Enforcement, Canada Border Services Agency
Balbir Singh  As an Individual
Lovepreet Singh  As an Individual
Sarom Rho  Organizer, Migrant Workers Alliance for Change
Larissa Bezo  President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Bureau for International Education
James Casey  Research and Policy Analyst, Canadian Federation of Students
Janet Morrison  President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College
Dory Jade  Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants
Monica O'Brien  Education Manager, Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants
Anna Boyden  Assistant Deputy Minister, Ministry of Colleges and Universities, Government of Ontario
Kamaljit Kaur Lehal  Barrister and Solicitor, Lehal Law Corporation
Clerk of the Committee  Mr. Keelan Buck

6:05 p.m.

James Casey Research and Policy Analyst, Canadian Federation of Students

Thank you very much, Madam Chair.

I would like to begin by acknowledging the students who are impacted and all their advocacy work. We are here today only because of the students who stood and slept outside, endured flooding and told their stories in protests 24-7 for 18 days. Justice cannot wait for these students, which is why it is imperative that they see immediate and permanent solutions to stop the deportations immediately, waive inadmissibility and provide immediate access to regularization and permanent residency.

It is abhorrent that it took this long from the time of initial reporting for these students to see an ounce of justice, and it is frustrating that these protests were even needed in order for the livelihoods of these students to be taken seriously. Members of the public and the media have suggested that because only a portion of the impacted students have come forward, the government is doing too much. Madam Chair, let me be clear. The number of students does not matter, because even one student without access to justice is too many.

Some of these students have been dealing with being blamed for simply wanting for years to come to Canada and contribute to this country in pursuit of a dream. Some of them have been in this debacle for almost eight years. We need to think about the message this sends to international students here and to future students.

We have heard the phrase, “It takes a village to raise a child,” and this is true. In the case of these Punjabi international students, this lack of access to justice and the lateral violence it creates affects their families and communities as well.

There are families and lives threatened by these deportation orders. Imagine your entire life—what you have built and sowed, and the roots you have placed in your community—gone. You can only imagine the toll that has on someone, but these students lived it, and they're still living that reality. The fact of the matter is that these students are still awaiting a permanent solution, and they're paying close attention to the actions of this government and this committee. These are some of the best years of their lives, and they have had to sacrifice, not just financially, but mentally and physically.

Many of these students are from low-income families and are the sons and daughters of farmers who may have farmed the potatoes in our poutine or the rice we have in our stir fry. Most of these families have had to make enormous sacrifices, like selling plots of land or expensive tractors, taking out high-interest loans and giving all they have for these students, who have been victims of an exploitation scheme.

These students have been defrauded of tens of thousands of dollars by this one education consultant, and have spent thousands more just to have legal representation. The consultant was known to have forged fake documents for students previously, and is still on the run. He has made death threats against these students, should they be deported.

Madam Chair, let me be very clear: the situation has not been dealt with, and deportation for any of these students is equivalent to a death sentence.

We have decided to focus on the exploitation of these students before they arrived in Canada, but when they are students studying here they have to pay over five times the amount in tuition fees as domestic students and are not eligible for housing vouchers, public health insurance, or federal and provincial loans or grants. It is truly a two-tiered system we have for international students. How can we expect international students to want to stay in Canada, let alone continue their studies, when there are international students constantly being targeted by predatory housing and employment and human trafficking schemes?

It is no wonder that there are reports by multiple funeral homes of international students going back to their home countries in coffins by the dozen each month and facing rising rates of hate crimes in Canada, but because the government does not track those statistics, I cannot give an accurate number on those figures other than to speak about the many individual cases.

When we talk about the exploitation of international students, it cannot just be about the failures in our immigration system. It must also be about the failures of our two-tiered education system, which looks only at the monetary value of international students, instead of their humanity.

Some of the suggestions to fix these issues offered at this committee are promising to see, such as the deputy minister's suggestion last week that there should be an increase in data sharing among DLIs, or that we should take up recommendations from a 2017 study by this same committee on ghost consultants.

Instead, I want to offer a different suggestion, one that enacts justice for these students and that is called for by these students: Stop the deportations immediately; waive inadmissibility, and provide immediate access to regularization and permanent residency.

Thank you.

I welcome any questions from the committee.

6:10 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Salma Zahid

Thank you, Mr. Casey.

We will proceed to Ms. Morrison for five minutes.

Ms. Morrison, please begin.

6:10 p.m.

Dr. Janet Morrison President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College

Thank you very much.

I'm Dr. Janet Morrison, and for the past five years, I've served as the president and vice-chancellor of Sheridan College. Joining me today is my colleague Rajan Sandhu, Sheridan's vice-president of strategy and general counsel. He and I have travelled together to inform our leadership lens on international enrolment. Together, we thank you for inviting us to provide a deputation on this really important topic.

Let me start by underscoring my view that the integrity of international enrolment at the post-secondary level in Canada demands your urgent attention. I'm out in the community all the time, and the stories I hear from learners, consistent with those you've heard today, can be heartbreaking.

I'm equally concerned about the economic and social impacts reverberating across the communities that Sheridan and I, by extension, serve. I am deeply troubled by the potential impact that a failure to act could have on “brand Canada” around the world. In that context, I want to share what Sheridan is doing to improve the international student experience through the Brampton charter, which was co-created with the City of Brampton.

To start, as a leader in the post-secondary system and public system and as a champion of education, I don't frankly care where a student is enrolled or to whom they're paying tuition. Rather, my preoccupation is with ensuring that every international student receives a quality education and the services they need to be successful. This has to include transparency around costs, graduate and employment outcomes, and pathways to immigration. Our collective integrity rests on those imperatives, and they need to happen across every institution, regardless of whether it's public, private or a public-private partnership.

Sheridan leaders, including Rajan and I, for example, travel regularly to countries of origin to do in-person, predeparture orientations that are purposely designed to be transparent and frank. In between those sessions, Sheridan engages a small circle of trusted staff and partners in-country to ensure that students are fully briefed on the experience, the costs and the outcomes.

More broadly, Sheridan's response to the integrity challenge is the Brampton charter, which was ideated and crystallized through a collective impact model. I believe that this experience and leadership can support the work of this committee, can be adopted and scaled for deployment in other communities across Canada and has the potential to make Canada a best-practice model for attracting international talent.

As some of you will know, Sheridan is one of 24 publicly assisted colleges in Ontario. We have over 31,000 full-time and part-time students enrolled across a variety of programs. We have campuses in some of Canada's fastest-growing cities: Oakville, Mississauga, Toronto and Brampton. Our campus in Brampton attracts just over 11,000 learners, approximately 40% of whom are registered as international students, largely from India. These students are smart and courageous, and they work incredibly hard. Post-graduation, they make significant economic and social contributions, locally and nationally.

We've called Brampton home for 55 years. The city, however, is currently home to 70 private career colleges, 10 private-public partnership campuses—if we include those in neighbouring Mississauga—and thousands of international students who live in Brampton but attend school elsewhere, including as far away as rural and northern Ontario and Quebec. North Peel is home to a very significant number of post-secondary learners from outside Canada, a reality that was further fuelled during the pandemic by remote online learning.

For years, we've been hearing concerns from community partners about issues like housing and food insecurity, negative mental health, violence, employment exploitation and human trafficking. I can tell you that none of the most egregious circumstances recounted by media involved our students, but in our role as an anchor institution, Sheridan was compelled to step up in the fall of 2021 to embark on this collective impact journey to address the pressing concerns.

In collaboration with the city, we co-convened a group of community leaders to tackle those challenges. This round table was co-chaired by the chief of Brampton Fire and Emergency Services and the CEO of Indus Community Services, a local service agency. It included leaders from the college, from public health, from the local hospital, from the board of trade, from faith and cultural groups and from students who brought their lived experiences to the table. They met five times in six months and engaged all kinds of stakeholders.

The work yielded 150 ideas and informed the organization of a public summit where those ideas were more fully explored. It was a two-day event hosted at our Davis campus. There were 250 delegates in person and 600 plus who attended online. I want to give a special thank you to one of our local MPs, MP Ali, a member of this committee, for his attendance, and also a vote of thanks to our local MPs, MP Sidhu and MP Sahota.

Participants in the summit represented all levels of government, public and private post-secondary institutions, social services, the police and local businesses—

6:15 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Salma Zahid

I'm sorry for interrupting, Ms. Morrison, but your time is up. You will get an opportunity to speak further during the round of questioning. We will have to end it here. I'm sorry about that.

6:15 p.m.

President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College

6:15 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Salma Zahid

Thank you.

We will proceed to our round of questioning, and we will begin with Ms. Rempel Garner for six minutes.

6:15 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

Thank you, Madam Chair.

I'll start with Mr. Casey. I was really struck by some of your comments. It really resonated with me how international students deserve dignity in a bunch of different areas.

Just looking at solutions at this point, do you think the federal government should intervene to set some sort of policy where admissions for international students should be matched or capped based on the percentage of available rental housing, dorm rooms or something else in a given region?

6:15 p.m.

Research and Policy Analyst, Canadian Federation of Students

James Casey

Those are definitely aspects the government should be looking at, because right now we're taking in a certain number of international students every single year. According to the latest estimates, I believe we have just over 800,000 international students. Obviously, given the realities of the situation, especially in major urban centres like Toronto and Vancouver, where there is a major housing crisis going on, we've heard reports of some students having to pay up front a whole year's worth of rent just to secure a placement. We've heard stories of different international students having to share beds that are infected with bed bugs.

The conditions on the ground are certainly abhorrent for a lot of international students.

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

I'm just going to interrupt because I'm short on time.

6:20 p.m.

Research and Policy Analyst, Canadian Federation of Students

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

I want to go to the other witnesses as well, but I want to underscore your point about living conditions. It's a big concern for me.

I'll go to the president of Sheridan College. What policy does your institution have in place for matching admissions levels to the amount of available housing in the Brampton region?

6:20 p.m.

President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College

Dr. Janet Morrison

Sheridan has actually limited and held constant its international enrolment for the past few years precisely because of feedback from community agencies about the capacity of the community to absorb—

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

Thank you.

Is it tied formally to a vacancy rate? Has your admissions level changed as the number of available housing units has either increased or decreased, or has that just stayed...? You haven't decreased it, for example. Is there a formal—

6:20 p.m.

President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College

Dr. Janet Morrison

We were responsive and made a decision internally not to increase our international enrolment, as a consequence of direct feedback from the community about issues, not just in housing but also in the capacity to support students in terms of food security or local services—

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

Thank you. I'll take that to mean there's no formal tie between vacancy rates and admission rates.

I'll go to the Canadian Bureau for International Education. What steps have you recommended the government take to sanction educational institutions for issuing fraudulent letters? Has your organization advocated for any potential criminal sanctions or other sanctions—for example, loss of accreditation—for educational institutions that might be found engaging in the types of activities that have impacted these students?

6:20 p.m.

President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Bureau for International Education

Larissa Bezo

We haven't directly advocated for criminal sanctions to be put into place. Our focus has been on engaging with our interlocutors at all levels of government to push for a code of ethical practice that will finally make explicit commitments on the part of all stakeholders, including our institutions. The reality is that—

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

Can I just dive into that?

6:20 p.m.

President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Bureau for International Education

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

When you say “a code of ethical practice” for institutions, does that mean institutions would have some sort of government-regulated responsibility to share information with international students about potential fraud and/or that institutions would have to face some sort of sanction if they were not compliant with similar regulations? Have you suggested that, or has it just been more general?

6:20 p.m.

President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Bureau for International Education

Larissa Bezo

We're working on a draft code at the moment. It is quite specific, but it addresses concerns. For example, you posed a question related to capacity: Do institutions have adequate capacity to host students and support their well-being? We're talking about a code that would explicitly address those issues—

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

Thank you.

6:20 p.m.

President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Bureau for International Education

Larissa Bezo

—and be clear about the institutions' obligations.

6:20 p.m.

Conservative

Michelle Rempel Conservative Calgary Nose Hill, AB

I guess where I'm confused in all of this is that there seems to be more of an emphasis on revenue, frankly, for colleges and post-secondary education when it comes to setting recruitment targets for international students as opposed to looking at well-being. I'm not saying this in an accusatory way. It just seems, from what I've seen, that there's a lot of talk about the well-being of students, but what that really translates into is wanting revenue, primarily.

I would love to get Sheridan College on the record as an institution. Would you support this committee recommending to the government that educational institutions in Canada that are offering spots to international students should be formally required to match their admissions levels to available housing in the area and should face sanctions if they are found to not have adequate regulatory or internal processes and controls to prevent fraudulent letters from being issued to international students, for example?

6:25 p.m.

President and Vice-Chancellor, Sheridan College

Dr. Janet Morrison

We're happy to be held accountable. If the profit margin was our priority, we would have grown internationally at a time when we did not. I think the complexity of the housing market is really difficult when there are 70 private colleges with no on-campus housing and thousands of international students living in the communities that Sheridan calls home.

6:25 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Salma Zahid

Your time is up, Ms. Rempel Garner.