Information & Ethics committee  I have a couple answers. Just to be clear, the commissioner was extremely concerned, so let me not understate that. The commissioner was extremely concerned, which is why she initiated this complaint right off the mark.

Information & Ethics committee  No, I just want to be clear and fair in my representation on her behalf. She was first off the mark to initiate a complaint, has led a speedy investigation to get to the heart of the matter, and has in a precedent-setting way said, “I don't want just undertakings that you're going to do this.

Information & Ethics committee  My understanding is they've been collecting the Wi-Fi signals for about a year.

Information & Ethics committee  Our understanding is that they had no knowledge that they were picking up payload data, let alone personal data, which is what our investigation uncovered.

Information & Ethics committee  That was in the investigation report. Part of the investigator's job is to assess credibility, and that was the outcome.

Information & Ethics committee  I will repeat my understanding, and then I will ask Dr. Patrick to say it in better terms than I can. There are two things. There are the publicly broadcast Wi-Fi signals that they knew they were picking up, and they intended to pick up. What they did not know was that in that collection, they were also picking up meaningful payload data, which means not only the signals themselves but the communications, contents of messages, that were being transmitted through those signals.

Information & Ethics committee  As a best practice, we have recommended that the organizations use these technologies to begin a dialogue with neighbourhood organizations to determine how this problem can be managed as a whole. Our proposed best practice is that this conversation be held with the communities in question.

Information & Ethics committee  Yes, you're absolutely right. It's not an obvious answer, but when you do identify a concern, our understanding is that the take-down measures are much better and much clearer. They are accessible and responsive in both Google and Canpages, as examples of the organizations we've been discussing.

Information & Ethics committee  I'm not sure. I don't know of methods other than the computer procedure.

Information & Ethics committee  I don't know. Maybe that's another one you could ask Google. I'm not sure.

Information & Ethics committee  I think that you've asked this question of legal counsel. Dan, would you respond?

Information & Ethics committee  First, I'd like to clarify one point. Faces and licence plates have been blurred for some time now. So we're not talking about that, but rather about other images that nevertheless constitute a concern for the individual in question. I don't know exactly how much time that would take.

Information & Ethics committee  I'm going to ask Dr. Patrick; perhaps he knows.

Information & Ethics committee  I'm going to answer that question in two parts. We know the practices of two companies, Google and Canpages. To give you an example, those two companies reacted to the same problem in very different ways. Google undertook to speak with certain vulnerable groups in advance to ask them what their preferences were and how to manage the problem.

Information & Ethics committee  My understanding is that these are still photographs taken at a point in time. They're snapshots at a point in time. They can capture other compromising information, but they are a snapshot in time.