National Defence committee  I'm not an expert in NORAD, so I really can't get into the detail of where the zeros and ones go.

National Defence committee  If there is, I'm not aware of it. I know the incident we were speaking about. There may have been a change in policy that says that it is now approved for these types of missions. I don't know the answer to that.

National Defence committee  It was for that operation.

National Defence committee  That's my understanding.

National Defence committee  Yes, you can.

National Defence committee  No, it's not. As my colleague was mentioning, the issue of the Arctic is about transmitting information and having the right satellites that have a polar orbit and that can actually look down and pick up this information. We're putting those up now. We have some up and we'll put

National Defence committee  I've got that here somewhere. Just give me a second. Pardon me if I refer to my notes. During the Cold War North America relied on radar networks to provide early warnings. In the early 1960s twenty of these sites were decommissioned and became the responsibility of the Departm

National Defence committee  As for the issue of a submarine being in Canadian internal waters, if an incident occurs—and this is a question best answered, actually, by the commander of Canada Command—the way we would probably find it is by visual detection of a conning tower coming up, most likely, and we w

National Defence committee  DRDC has been doing some work through Northern Watch, their TDP, which has been dealing with gaps in the north. But I'm not aware if they've been flying UAVs or not.

National Defence committee  The Victoria class submarines right now are going through their final equipping, which is making them fully operational. It has been a process to take the U.K. boat and convert it to Canadian standards and Canadian procedures. There has been discussion of air-independent propul

National Defence committee  NORAD has a new mandate, which is maritime warning, which was included in the last round of negotiations. And I suspect the Canada-U.S. binational command is going to continue to work on maritime domain awareness in the north. That is something we can potentially explore. With r

National Defence committee  That was an exercise clearance we had, and that was for one of our patrol frigates in the eastern Arctic.

National Defence committee  Yes, we're learning that working in the Arctic is very difficult. Fuelling is an example. If you take a frigate in the north and you want to fuel it, well, there are no fuel stocks. So we have to go alongside a coast guard ship. We have to boom the ship, which means we put an oil

National Defence committee  We're sharing that facility with the Northern Research Institute organization, so we get it for a period of time when they are not using the facility. Right now we use it on a periodic basis. We're still developing the concept of operations for the Arctic training, and that's a w

National Defence committee  The deal with non-NATO submarines is that they'll travel where they want to and they will operate, and if they are detected, we indicate so. But they do not participate in the same processes as our allies do.