National Defence committee  I also hear from my colleagues at the secretariat that part of the reason for the outsourcing more regionally is that there is a lack of appetite among the developed world to be there, so there's very little alternative to going where they are going in doing the outsourcing.

National Defence committee  May I go to the definitions?

National Defence committee  Yes, so the UN thought. If we talk about peacekeeping, there is a presumption of a peace to keep and there is a presumption of interpositionary forces that are lightly armed. Peacemaking, on the other hand, assumes that there has been difficulty in having everybody around the table, including non-state actors, and that therefore there must be some sort of use of force, well mandated, well resourced, and well articulated, to create an environment in which peace can be articulated.

National Defence committee  Thank you very much for the opportunity to appear before you on this important topic. I would like to begin with a few comments based on my work on behalf of the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre, hereafter PPC. I look forward to our subsequent dialogue. The PPC is a non-governmental organization founded 15 years ago by the Canadian government.