Citizenship and Immigration committee  The latter is the answer. In those cases there would be an enforceable removal order in place. The individual would be obliged to serve their sentence in Canada, and on release they would be collected by our inland enforcement officers, and the removal would proceed immediately.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Correct.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  That is right.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  So far seven have gone to court. Two of them are still before the court of the five that are resolved that resulted in the criminal charge being successful.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I would have to get back to you on that.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Yes. In the case of forced marriages in particular, the victims tend to be quite young, as young as 16 or 17.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Yes. We've developed products and we've disseminated them to stakeholders in the CBSA and CIC, the front lines being in this case the CIC visa officers abroad and the CBSA border services officers at our ports of entry.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  In the cases I spoke of, of forced marriage where predominantly the victims tend to be younger, of course when they enter Canada they are accompanied by an older person.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Across the country in total we have approximately 220 criminal investigators and somewhere above 500 inland enforcement officers.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Once couples have been admitted and are inside Canada, of course there is the potential for domestic abuse. If that happens, it can come to our attention through the CBSA's Border Watch line. It can come to our attention through CIC's call centre. In the case of straight domest

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Yes. We—

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Yes. We can get back to you on that, on the four cases that you mentioned and that you bundled together as being fraudulent.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  We can provide you with statistics on that, and then of course—

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Since 2008, our figures show that the incidence of marriages of convenience has decreased overall. We attribute that in part to increased enforcement by both CIC and the CBSA, by the Government of Canada's public awareness campaign.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Can I weigh in on that? It's very rare to encounter those kinds of cases for the first time at the border and for a border services officer to be able to distinguish the indicators that would lead to an ultimately founded suspicion that he's dealing with a fraudulent marriage,