Foreign Affairs committee  Your wind farm example, I think, actually takes us back to the issue of land use planning as well. If there was a prior process of strategic planning on the use of land and the linking of that development plan, then people ex ante would be much clearer on the sorts of things that

Foreign Affairs committee  I think there's a relationship between this point and the point about the divided community that you just made, which is that, when a community becomes that divided, it's just so hard to think about doing development in that sort of context because it's so hard to think about rec

Foreign Affairs committee  I think the most critical point is the point about social conflicts. The data produced by the human rights ombudsman's office on social conflicts shows a very significant increase in conflicts in Peru over the last decade. It shows consistently that around half of those conflicts

Foreign Affairs committee  I think the answer to the first question is clearly a yes. There is also clearly a history of Canadian foreign aid, either directly, bilaterally, or in partnership with Canadian civil society organizations, building a range of capacities or working in partnership with civil socie

Foreign Affairs committee  I hope this is an adequate answer. I think legitimacy can come from various sources. One is performance, so that's quality of impact and generating that information on impact. One can gain legitimacy by performing well. Another general source is around issues of accountability

Foreign Affairs committee  At the margin, I would say there are other more effective ways of ensuring it.

Foreign Affairs committee  Those would look like.... I think there are two issues of particular significance. One you were just talking about, which is the question of organizational capacities and management capacities, and building up those capacities. In many cases, they exist already. The other is the

Foreign Affairs committee  I certainly do, particularly in the case of land use planning. Indeed, there have been initiatives and efforts on the part of local organizations to try to establish basic land use planning procedures as a way of trying to think strategically about the expansion of extractive i

Foreign Affairs committee  As an addendum, I genuinely believe there's a sequence issue here. Of course one can't postpone extraction of natural resources indefinitely until institutions have been built, but there is a sense, and I think cases like Nigeria and other historical examples support that sense,

Foreign Affairs committee  Prior to doing work on extractive industries, I spent a number of years working on non-governmental organizations and their role in development. One of the recurring critical observations made on non-governmental organizations, including by their own governments, was precisely th

Foreign Affairs committee  One comment is that in the countries in which I work it is a highly contested relationship. I would say, empirically and analytically, the jury's out as to what the conclusion would be. In the countries in which we work, let's take Peru, in particular, while the primary argument

Foreign Affairs committee  Thank you very much, and thank you for the invitation. My comments will focus on the relationships between mining and development, and they draw on a decade of research exploring relationships among extractive industries, social conflict, governance, livelihoods, and development