Natural Resources committee  The actual members of COSIA are the producers, the oil and gas companies, but the aim is to involve academia and government and share all of our information with both so that their knowledge and insights can help us.

Natural Resources committee  I believe it's accelerating. The cooperation is groundbreaking.

Natural Resources committee  Industry has really turned a corner in the last year and a half or two years on cooperation on the environmental front.

Natural Resources committee  When we formed COSIA, we thought very carefully, and we consulted with competition, regulators, and the Government of Canada. The collective view was that we'd be on safe ground if we stuck to environmental technologies, greenhouse gas emissions, water, tailings, and land, withou

Natural Resources committee  One of the biggest enablers we're benefiting from is, the industry has been developing mines for a number of years and decided last year to share all of the learning, all of the technology that has been developed openly. There are 12 or 13 companies in this Canada's Oil Sands Inn

Natural Resources committee  We'll build sufficient to recycle most of the water, but as you're putting tailings back into the reservoir, some of the water actually stays with those tailings. We will need to withdraw a small amount over time.

Natural Resources committee  Those numbers continue to improve. We believe we'll get upwards of more than 90% recycled in the early days and we are currently working on technologies that will allow us to use, instead of fresh water, more brackish water that is in some of the aquifers around the mines.

Natural Resources committee  Absolutely. In fact, today we have the capability to shut off water withdraw during the winter period when the flow levels are low and only withdraw during the peaks.

Natural Resources committee  That's right. The natural Crow Lake is too shallow for fish to survive the winters. On the reclamation plan, we've already dug a larger lake deeper. We've put in habitats for fish and we're filling the lake right now, as we speak. This summer we'll start stocking the lake with fi

Natural Resources committee  We invest a lot of money. We're investing—

Natural Resources committee  We're investing a lot of money.

Natural Resources committee  I can't speak to subsidies. Our company represents a group of shareholders, most of them private shareholders.

Natural Resources committee  I'm not aware of any subsidies, sir. We pay a lot in taxes, we pay a lot in royalties. We invest billions of dollars a year at Imperial, over $5 billion in 2012. Our shareholders want a return on that investment.

Natural Resources committee  Ultimately, Kearl is permitted to reach up to 345,000 barrels per day.

Natural Resources committee  We definitely have been working on the paraffinic froth treatment technology for more than a decade, and we reach out to academia. We have a partnership with the University of Alberta. We're really excited about the application of the paraffinic froth treatment. It is designed