Public Safety committee  Yes. In fact, in many of the provinces we're working in and interacting with, there is interest in that particular issue, whether it's aboriginal populations that are perhaps sometimes at risk of criminal justice interaction or whether, in other cases, it's focused at things like

Public Safety committee  Only that it's part of the reason why we get up in the morning, frankly.

Public Safety committee  We're certainly trying to. What we would note is the difference with social impact bonds initially, and certainly in the future. It's a very new tool, and as a result the transaction costs are quite high. But we do expect those to decline over time, and organizations like ours ar

Public Safety committee  That varies pretty strongly by the specific issue. For any social impact bond, when we think of the economic implications of the outcomes that are produced, there's an understanding that the value of those outcomes will very much be divided between government and the private inve

Public Safety committee  Just to add, very briefly, what we also see is that non-profits themselves, social sector agencies—and not all should participate, or want to necessarily, and that's okay—also understand that the resourcing that can come along with the social impact bond can enable them to improv

Public Safety committee  I would add that certainly I think it's true that having an intermediary in place can provide the confidence for investors that the upfront case that's been developed has been so certainly with rigour and with some semi-independence, at least, as that case itself has developed an

Public Safety committee  Sure. For example, we think it would be inappropriate perhaps to use a social impact bond to deliver emergency room care. We'd want that service handled in a very standardized way, so that we know and can have great confidence that it will be there when people need it. Inasmuch a

Public Safety committee  I would add to that, just with some more specificity, that we are seeing organizations come to us equally, and we recognize the rigour of the cases they're bringing forward in areas such as substance abusing offenders. Offenders who are incarcerated due to substance abuse have ve

Public Safety committee  The investors in the financing models with whom we've interacted in the development of social impact bonds across Canada are predominantly socially motivated investors. These are high net worth individuals who are very concerned about issues in their community; they are also foun

Public Safety committee  Investors as participants in a social impact bond are governed essentially by the terms of the contracts they sign in engaging in a social impact bond.

Public Safety committee  The monitoring in the interim, as a social impact bond is being implemented, is usually done by an intermediary such as ours. However, when we actually think about the payment of outcomes, outcomes thresholds that would trigger payment, that's almost exclusively done by third par

Public Safety committee  Just to briefly respond, as an organization we actually do have internal policies, in fact, to tell us and to guide us, to serve as a guide to the idea that there are areas, particularly in areas of emergency service of various sorts, where we feel that this sort of kind of great

Public Safety committee  What I would mention is that there are certainly cases where a social impact bond can be service-provider-initiated, where a non-profit can recognize that this is something it really wants to do and may contact as. Equally though, and in many cases, social impact bonds are some

Public Safety committee  There is a social impact bond [Inaudible-Editor] in Saskatchewan, but it is not our social impact bond.

Public Safety committee  We see models where that is used and those where it's not. Generally speaking, the notion of having multiple thresholds, or even a kind of continuous form of performance payment, such that for each x%, you have x% of return, can be and have been used. So the short answer is yes.