National Defence committee  Yes, sir. The high frequency, which is the long-range radio type that people use in ham radios and up, is strongly affected by atmospheric conditions. It's a physical thing, because a lot of the signals bounce off the atmosphere, and the layers at which they bounce change with th

National Defence committee  Sorry, I said there is no direct cooperation from me to them. There's me back to Ottawa and—

National Defence committee  Scrambling or encryption of communications is extremely common in military communications because all of us, no matter who we are, want to keep what we're doing hidden from anybody who, like us, might want to know what we're doing. So—

National Defence committee  The term we would use for that in English is “jamming”, which means that somebody sends a signal to interfere with ours.

National Defence committee  That is a tactic, but it's so aggressive that it's the type of thing that's getting close to being a conflict, if people are doing things like that to each other.

National Defence committee  Yes, sir. Jamming would be included in our electronic intelligence. If we think of pursuing that, it would be very important and indicative of something to us.

National Defence committee  That's correct.

National Defence committee  Our own sovereign sites allow us to cover our borders and those approaches to North America. Basically, I would say we're good with the three that we have.

National Defence committee  That's right. If they stick an antenna up and talk and they're making an emission of some sort, the intent would be that we would hopefully be able to pick that up.

National Defence committee  Actually, sir, I have two reasons for caring for my people: one, because I'm a human being and care for them, and two, because, as you said, I need them to be operationally fit.

National Defence committee  Stationary over the top of the earth physically isn't possible. There are circumpolar satellites that exist now. For your GPS satellite, for example, the constellation is circumpolar. I believe, but I am not the expert, that the Canadian Forces and the Government of Canada would

National Defence committee  That's pretty far out of my current knowledge there, sir.

National Defence committee  I think if they talked about it on the radio, we would hope to be the first to pick it up. There are other intelligence means that, again, I'm not expert on.

National Defence committee  Our objective would be to never be surprised. That's correct, sir.

National Defence committee  No, sir, other than for the aircraft that are in distress, we're not. It's not really my field.