Status of Women committee  I believe it's in the vicinity of about 100,000 created. Are you asking how many closed or how many scaled?

Status of Women committee  We do have those numbers. I don't know if you have them handy, Etienne. If not, we will be happy to get them to you.

Status of Women committee  Tax policy would be a matter for the Department of Finance. It would be in a better position to answer.

Status of Women committee  Tax policy questions are more appropriately sent to the Department of Finance rather than to us. What we can say, though, is that what we saw during the pandemic was actually—

Status of Women committee  We do have some facts and figures on that. The second would be retail—

Science and Research committee  Are you asking does the minister have the capacity to block or to direct the councils not to provide specific funding to an institution? That is what will be done partly through the directives, so he has the power.

Science and Research committee  At present, the minister has issued guidelines to universities and to the research councils around considerations that are not institutional specific. The new guidelines will include a listing of institutions.

Science and Research committee  The guidelines presently are not specific to countries and are not specific to institutions.

Science and Research committee  Current guidelines would preclude funding to a research project in a sensitive area and in areas where there's reason to believe that national security could be in play.

Science and Research committee  Some of them have been defined in annex A of the existing guidelines. Those would potentially include, for example, areas around nuclear, areas around weapons building, or areas of dual use that could be transferred that could result.... It would also include areas, for example, where personal information could be at play.

Science and Research committee  We expect people who report being bilingual to be able to review research funding applications in French.

Science and Research committee  Obviously, it's difficult for me to tell you what we've provided as advice or not. What I can tell you is we have very carefully tracked the funding levels. We're very aware of the historical and current funding levels and those of our partners. That is something we do analysis on and we understand.

Science and Research committee  We've engaged with universities. We've also engaged with the provinces and others to understand the funding realities in that ecosystem. The dynamics around the funding realities for students, researchers, etc., are the ones that we pay attention to. We do the analysis, and we share that information with the public and ministers.

Science and Research committee  Our approach has been to give universities tools. The requirement to assess the research security risks is in the hands of the federal granting councils.

Science and Research committee  That's a great question. I think it's still a new problem. Measures are in place, such as the federal government's guidelines and federal funding to support universities in their research security efforts. There is no doubt, though, that more can be done as we make progress and learn.