International Trade committee  First of all—again, to clarify what the current status is—you're absolutely right that going forward, because the foreign investment protection agreement we had with Ecuador has been terminated, only investments that were made in and around 2018 are protected until 2033. Anything

International Trade committee  We've had discussions about what the court has said and so on and so forth, but I'm really not in a position to comment on the constitution of Ecuador. I'm certainly not an expert on that. If Ecuador has considerations to share in that regard, we'll look to discuss those at a neg

International Trade committee  I'll come back to the numbers first and then do the second part of the question. As I said, five cases were settled. Seven of them were inactive, terminated or withdrawn. When they're withdrawn—and I can tell you, because in a couple of those cases I was trade counsel directly—t

International Trade committee  I think in our current model, and the model that we've proposed to work with Ecuador on, it's careful to balance, as I mentioned earlier, the rights of investors through obligations protections and a mechanism to do that, but with the right to regulate the protection in areas suc

International Trade committee  In terms of the number of cases brought against Canada, there are 35 cases in total. Almost all of those are under NAFTA. One is under the foreign investment protection we have with Egypt. Canada won 13 of those cases. Five of those cases we did not win. Five of those cases were

International Trade committee  I guess I have a few points. One is that in the situation we're in, we've heard from Ecuador that they're interested in discussing an investment chapter with us. In our discussions, we've sent a model to them that includes investor-state dispute settlement. They're very aware of

International Trade committee  I'll come back a little bit to some of the reasons I stated earlier in terms of why we use the investor-state dispute settlement. I'll bring it back to Ecuador, first and foremost. As you mentioned, and as was mentioned at the outset, we did have a foreign investment protection a

International Trade committee  Of course.

International Trade committee  In terms of why we like to include the investor-state dispute settlement in our model, I'll cite a few reasons. This is not an exhaustive list but a few of them. The first is that an investment chapter with investor-state dispute settlement provisions has proven to be an investm