I'm not directly involved in.... I have a minimal amount of specific research going on with PFAS contaminants. It's a relatively new contaminant, so my entire discipline is on a very steep learning curve.
The engineering colleagues who are focused on remediation are advancing several types of technologies for treatment. From what I understand at conferences and so on, they are making excellent progress with water treatment technologies—above-ground treatment, so what we would maybe refer to as traditional water treatment technologies.
In situ technologies for the treatment of PFAS plumes in the subsurface are lagging behind, but mainly because in situ technologies are more complicated in terms of being able to work with the natural environment and the complexities of the natural environment. However, progress is also being made on that front.
The bigger issue is preventing the contamination, because remediation is expensive, delayed, and complicated. We're learning ways, perhaps, in which we should be managing the use of those substances and trying to minimize or prevent them from getting into the natural environment.