Evidence of meeting #86 for Health in the 44th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was question.

A video is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

MPs speaking

Also speaking

Heather Jeffrey  President, Public Health Agency of Canada
Lucas  Deputy Minister, Department of Health

8:30 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Sean Casey

Thank you, Minister.

Thank you to the team of officials who were here to support you.

It has been an eventful hour. I thank you for the way you've handled it. We look forward to having you back before the committee before too long.

With that, I'm going to suspend for about three minutes to allow for a changeover to the second panel.

The meeting stands suspended.

I call the meeting back to order.

I would like to welcome the Honourable Ya’ara Saks, Minister of Mental Health and Addictions, as well as the officials who have joined us for this second hour.

Some of them you will recognize. They have been here from the outset, but I believe we have a few additional ones: Eric Costen, associate deputy minister; Michelle Boudreau, associate assistant deputy minister, strategic policy branch; Jennifer Saxe, associate assistant deputy minister, controlled substances and cannabis branch; and, from the Public Health Agency of Canada, Nancy Hamzawi, executive vice-president.

Minister, I think this is the first time you've come before the committee. I just want to let you know the way we operate, especially when ministers are here, because it seems to be much more relevant. You are allowed to provide an answer that's equal in length to the question that you are asked. If you go longer than that, you can expect to be interrupted, but if you're asked a one-minute question, and you're interrupted after four or five seconds, I will intervene to make sure that you get a chance to have the same amount of time.

I encourage you to use the earbuds for translation, if required.

With that, welcome to the committee, Minister Saks. You have the floor for the next five minutes or less for your opening remarks.

November 1st, 2023 / 8:35 p.m.

York Centre Ontario

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks LiberalMinister of Mental Health and Addictions

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you, colleagues. It is really an honour to be joining you this evening to talk about a subject that, I'm sure for everyone around this table, is top of mind when it comes to mental health.

Mr. Chair, as you know, Canada is facing one of the most serious public health crises in our country's history. Since my appointment, I have been listening to provinces and territories, indigenous communities, researchers, health stakeholders and people with lived and living experience in order to gain a deeper understanding of the issue and to chart a path forward. Every death due to this terrible crisis leaves someone behind. We all know a friend, a partner, a parent, a child, a co-worker or a neighbour.

As Minister, I have heard heartbreaking stories of addiction and loss, as have many of my colleagues here tonight. At the same time, I have also heard inspiring stories of support, of recovery and of hope. People on the ground are working relentlessly to fight this crisis, and the federal government needs to be there to support them.

Canadians must have access to a full range of services and tools to address substance use. Harm reduction as well as treatment and recovery are health care. Everyone's journey is different, and we know there is no one-size-fits-all recovery, and we can't help someone who is dead from an overdose.

I know that some members and I may not always agree on everything, but I am absolutely convinced, Mr. Chair, that everyone at this table shares the objective of wanting to save lives.

This week, we launched the renewed Canadian drugs and substances strategy. The CDSS presents a whole-of-government approach to address substance use. The expert task force called for bold actions and significant policy change, and we are delivering on this each and every day.

I would also like to point out—I know my colleague Minister Holland mentioned this—the Government of Canada's $200-billion historic investment in health care, which was announced this year. Mental health and substance use is one of the four shared priorities and will be embedded in the three others, because we can't have health without mental health. In addition, we continue to support community projects that address those issues. In fact, we recently launched the 2023 national call for proposals for the substance use and addictions program to help address substance use harms and improve health outcomes for Canadians.

As we all know, the past few years have been extremely difficult for most Canadians, and we can't look away from that fact. The COVID-19 pandemic affected individuals and families across the country, and we are still living through an exceptionally difficult time with many people experiencing stresses related to war, geopolitical unrest and climate change, not to mention the financial worries. Mental health is now a topic of conversation in almost every home in this country. It's now easier to share that it's okay to not be okay, but there are many challenges ahead.

We need to do better in order to create completely accessible care and to remove barriers to care and services, and that includes reducing the stigma that is still prevalent amongst our communities. Negative and often unfair beliefs related to mental illness and substance use is one of the many obstacles being faced by people looking for support, and it can prevent some people from even asking for the help they need.

Marginalized groups often experience more stigma or prejudice, which puts them at an increased risk of harms. They include our youth, indigenous peoples, racialized communities and the 2SLGBTQ+ individuals who are part of our communities as well. That is why we are committed to increasing access to the full continuum of mental health and substance use services through a compassionate lens and a human-centred approach.

Later this month, the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, CAMH, will begin operating the 988 line, which is Canada's three-digit number for suicide prevention and emotional distress support. This number will make it easier for people to access the help they need when they need it the most.

Mr. Chair, together we can save lives, but we do need to learn from each other to ensure there is a comprehensive, evidence-based—and I will use this word a lot—compassionate approach. Together we can create real systemic change and can give every person in Canada the support they need to live a long and healthy life.

I look forward to your questions.

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Sean Casey

Thank you, Minister Saks.

We will now go to rounds of questions, beginning with the Conservatives.

Mr. Doherty, go ahead, please, for six minutes.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

Minister, I have a personal question first. I know you have family in the conflict. How are you doing?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

Thank you for that question. That's very kind.

I think, like many communities across the country who have loved ones in the region, it's a challenging time of worry and anxiety, but thank you for asking. That's very kind.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

I appreciate that.

Hopefully, you will be kind to me, Chair.

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Sean Casey

You're off to a great start.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

We'll take the gloves off now.

Minister, is safe supply working?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

Can you clarify what you mean by “working”?

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

Is it saving lives? Is it not causing more overdoses?

It's a simple answer. In your opinion, is it working?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

In my opinion, safer supply is one of the many resources and tools that we're using in a comprehensive approach to substance use.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

Can you tell me the latest number of deaths attributed to the opioid crisis this year?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

I know that it's on average 21 deaths a day, which is far too many.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

That's correct.

Do you have an estimate of the total number of deaths from 2016 to the present?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

I don't have the number in front of me, but—

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

It's about 38,514.

Do you believe those numbers are accurate, or do you think that those stats could actually be higher? We know the stigma attached to it.

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

I know that those stats are coming from a number of sources, including coroners' reports. I think that every death from an overdose is a tragedy.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

I agree with you on that.

Can you tell us which provinces have the highest death rates?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

As is well known, B.C. has the highest death rates in the country. The Yukon, as well, is struggling. I would also add that, within Ontario, both Thunder Bay and Timmins are reaching above average numbers in overdose deaths.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

The majority of the deaths occur in B.C., Alberta and Ontario. Can you tell us the demographic that's been most affected by that epidemic?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

According to the data that we have currently, it's indigenous peoples.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

It's young to middle-aged males—73% this year.

In terms of research, do you know how many of the deaths were fentanyl related? A percentage is what I'm looking for.

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

I'll turn to one of my officials for the statistic numbers.

8:40 p.m.

Conservative

Todd Doherty Conservative Cariboo—Prince George, BC

Don't you know those numbers?

8:40 p.m.

Liberal

Ya'ara Saks Liberal York Centre, ON

I look at the overall picture of the number of deaths. I don't have in front of me the data of the breakdown by drug, but I'm sure the officials can offer you an answer if you'd like.