Thanks, Mr. Chair.
Thanks to all our witnesses for being here today. This is all interesting.
I'd like to start with you, Mr. McGowan. That was very important testimony. We appreciate that you represent certainly more Albertans than anyone else around the table, so your testimony has a lot of weight. I'd like to get back to your point about the ripping-it-and-shipping-it approach of the current government around value added. You very correctly cited somebody I've always admired, Peter Lougheed, who understood the importance of looking at upgrading and refining. We seem to have moved away from this. You raised a number of concerns, so I'm going to ask you a number of questions.
First off, with regard to the move away from tying development of the oil sands to upgrading and refining in Alberta and in Canada, what has that meant in terms of potential lost jobs?
The second issue is around Keystone. I know that the Alberta Federation of Labour has done some analysis in terms of shipping raw bitumen through Keystone and what that would mean in terms of potential lost jobs.
Could you comment on those two concerns, and then tie them in, coming back to the issue of temporary foreign workers, to the exploding number of temporary foreign workers in the oil sands, and what this means in terms of lost economic opportunity in Canada?