I'll give you three really quick answers. Yes, on the 10% for ethanol. For biodiesel, it's up to 100% in a diesel engine, although blending standards only exist for up to 5% today--although many people are blending far more than that.
In terms of the energy balance, how much fuel you're using, on a life cycle basis based on Agriculture Canada's most recent analysis, it's 2:1 net energy out of ethanol versus use in the growing of the crop, gas for the tractor, and all of that. That's on the Ag Canada website. You can download the study.
The final one was CO2 emissions. It depends on what you use. For cellulose ethanol, it's about 90% reduction over gasoline on a life cycle basis; for corn and wheat you're looking in the 40% to 50% range, depending on the particular plant; and for tallow--this is rendered animal fat similar to cellulose--you're looking in the range of 90% reduction. For oilseeds like soy and canola, you're also looking at the 40% to 50% range.
Recycled materials have a smaller GHG footprint than grains and oilseeds, but both are very large percentage reductions over petroleum.