Evidence of meeting #40 for Agriculture and Agri-Food in the 43rd Parliament, 2nd Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was amendment.

A recording is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

MPs speaking

Also speaking

Jacques Maziade  Legislative Clerk
Jane Dudley  Senior Counsel, Agriculture and Food Inspection Legal Services, Canadian Food Inspection Agency

4:20 p.m.

Liberal

Kody Blois Liberal Kings—Hants, NS

I have two questions, Mr. Chair.

I was wondering at this point whether or not there could be a different choice of words. Mr. Perron seemed to suggest it was the introduction of a said substance.

I see where he's coming from. It seems to hinge on whether or not the person has actually entered into the building or the enclosure. Mr. Perron is trying to say that any type of activity, or the introduction of a substance or thing that could cause biological harm, should be something we should be encapsulating.

I'm not particularly married to the language, but I'm wondering whether or not, even at this stage, we can do that.

My second point would be, as you're saying, Mr. Chair, if this passes, then that means NDP-2 and LIB-2 are off the table.

Is my understanding correct?

4:20 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Exactly.

Mr. Maziade, can you confirm that?

4:20 p.m.

Legislative Clerk

Jacques Maziade

You're right, Mr. Blois. If BQ-1 is adopted, NDP-2 and LIB-2 cannot be moved because they're amending the same lines.

4:20 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Thank you, Mr. Maziade.

Mr. Perron, you have the floor.

4:20 p.m.

Bloc

Yves Perron Bloc Berthier—Maskinongé, QC

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

Following the last statement, I invite my colleagues to judge the amendment on its merits.

I would also like to answer Mr. Blois' question. Based on the analysis we have done, we are proposing the wording “any animal or thing”, and substances would be included in the term “thing”. So it could be a contaminated object, a contaminated substance, an animal, or anything else that fits the terms “animal” or “thing”.

4:20 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Thank you, Mr. Perron.

Go ahead, Mr. MacGregor.

4:20 p.m.

NDP

Alistair MacGregor NDP Cowichan—Malahat—Langford, BC

Mr. Chair, I was kind of on the fence with this one, not really sure where it was going, but if Ms. Dudley has said the language is consistent with what we see in the rest of the Health of Animals Act, I could possibly support it.

However, I am worried about the consequence to NDP-2 and LIB-2, so I'm wondering if the committee could entertain a slight amendment to BQ-1, whereby we discuss the word “could”, and whether we want to substitute the word “would” or, as in LIB-2, “will”. I don't want to preclude discussion of those other ones, but they seem like relatively simple amendments to this amendment.

That's something I'd like to bring to the table as well.

4:25 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Thank you, Mr. MacGregor.

Mr. Blois.

4:25 p.m.

Liberal

Kody Blois Liberal Kings—Hants, NS

What I think is pertinent to the discussion right now is that because NDP-1 has passed, we're now encapsulating all persons, which I think is appropriate. We know farmers and stakeholders are already doing great work, and this will still make sure those people who don't take those issues seriously face the consequences under the legislation.

I think what we need our colleagues to weigh in on is that “could” and “would” present different standards. From a legal perspective, if a judge were to look at this—and let's just say with Mr. Perron's potential amendment aside—with regard to someone entering these places, the definition involving “could” is a very low threshold. That's very wide. It could encompass a whole host of different activities, both very, very low risk and higher risk. The amendments that Mr. MacGregor and I are proposing are to try to make sure the threshold is such that, by a reasonable standard, the action in question would constitute a biosecurity risk.

That's something I think our colleagues need to flesh out before we can actually adequately address Mr. Perron's piece. If we adopt Mr. Perron's amendment, notwithstanding the fact that Ms. Dudley said it might conform to the rest of the provisions of the act, that might leave the other piece hanging. I think it's important that we hear from our colleagues about their perspective on “could” versus “would” so that we can get that threshold.

4:25 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Thank you, Mr. Blois.

Mr. Perron, you have the floor.

4:25 p.m.

Bloc

Yves Perron Bloc Berthier—Maskinongé, QC

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

My thanks to Mr. Blois for his comments. I was going to make the same proposal, because I was afraid that some of my colleagues would vote against the proposed amendment so that they could adopt their own afterwards.

Since it is not quite the same thing, it is important that we take the time to discuss it. Since the committee allows it, it is very appropriate to do so. So I agree with Mr. Blois that we should discuss it.

Having said that, I have very strong reservations about amendments NDP‑2 and LIB‑2 . If we change the wording from “could” to “would” or “will”—both of which are roughly equivalent and use different verb tenses, but have the same effect—we are going to have a problem, because the burden of proof will then be on the complainants. Remember all the testimony we have heard: whether it's trespassing or anything else, the problem with enforcing the current law is proving the damage. That's what becomes a chore afterwards.

Right now, farmers who have been assaulted on their private property and are in distress have to undertake proceedings, gather evidence and spend money to hire a lawyer to plead their case and prove that they have suffered damages. At the committee, we heard an example where water was poured into diesel fuel. In such a case, how do you prove that it was the trespasser who did it, if there are no photographs or other evidence? There is no way to prove it.

The current wording in the proposed clause 1 of the bill, “knowing that entering such a place could result,” frees the complainant from having to prove damage in terms of biosecurity. By keeping this wording, it would be written into the act that this person endangered the biosecurity of the farm, and I believe that was the intent of the bill that Mr. Barlow introduced.

Unless I am convinced otherwise by the two experts, I would urge members not to adopt either of the two amendments that may be introduced after this one.

4:25 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

I'll go to Ms. Rood, but perhaps, Ms. Dudley, you could explain the ramifications of “would” and “could”, and I don't know what the other one was.

Could you comment on that?

4:30 p.m.

Senior Counsel, Agriculture and Food Inspection Legal Services, Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Jane Dudley

Well, without giving legal advice once again—I'm sorry that I have to take this approach—

4:30 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Sure.

4:30 p.m.

Senior Counsel, Agriculture and Food Inspection Legal Services, Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Jane Dudley

—“would” sounds like it's more likely than “could”. “Could” sounds like it's not as certain as “would”. It depends on the outcome you want.

4:30 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Okay. Thank you.

Ms. Rood.

4:30 p.m.

Conservative

Lianne Rood Conservative Lambton—Kent—Middlesex, ON

Thank you.

I'd like to make a friendly suggestion that may encompass everything as a compromise, so that we can keep in the spirit of the amendment proposed by Mr. Perron, and it may also encompass NDP-2 and LIB-2, and that's just adding the word “will”. It would say “will or could”. I think that keeps in with the language that's already in the act, and it would also encompass everything that everybody is asking for here. It would provide that certainty for both, if that makes sense.

4:30 p.m.

Legislative Clerk

Jacques Maziade

Mr. Chair—

4:30 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Pat Finnigan

Yes, that's a procedural matter, so I'll ask you to explain that to us, Mr. Maziade.

4:30 p.m.

Legislative Clerk

Jacques Maziade

I want maybe a confirmation from Mr. MacGregor.

Did you formally move the subamendment changing the word “could” by “would” or “should”? I just want this clarification.

4:30 p.m.

NDP

Alistair MacGregor NDP Cowichan—Malahat—Langford, BC

No, I've not formally moved it. I was just bringing it up as a discussion. I wanted to test the room.

4:30 p.m.

Legislative Clerk

Jacques Maziade

Okay. Perfect.

Ms. Rood, do you want to move a formal subamendment adding the word “will” between “thing” and “could”?

4:30 p.m.

Conservative

Lianne Rood Conservative Lambton—Kent—Middlesex, ON

I would propose that we add “will or could” and then “result in the exposure of”.

4:30 p.m.

Legislative Clerk

Jacques Maziade

One or the other, you mean.

4:30 p.m.

Conservative

Lianne Rood Conservative Lambton—Kent—Middlesex, ON

“Could” is already there. I would propose “will or”, just adding “will or” in front of “could”.