Sure.
The notion of free dealing is one that is foreign to our copyright law, and indeed it's foreign to most copyright laws that I'm aware of. It is the notion that someone has the unfettered right to copy without any sort of compensation. A rights holder can choose to make their work available in that fashion, but you wouldn't typically find that in a copyright law.
Our law is no different. What our fair-dealing provision provides, as I mentioned at the outset, is essentially a two-stage test. It first identifies the kinds of specific categories that may qualify as a potentially fair dealing. Other countries have done away with this altogether. For example, in the United States there are no categories at all. Anything can potentially be, in their terms, a fair use. In Canada you first actually have to qualify for one of those categories. The changes within Bill C-32 expand the categories by establishing that parody, satire, and education would be new categories, but, critically, there is a second step, and this would be true for the United States and would be true here as well.
That second step is a full fairness analysis to determine whether or not the copying itself actually is fair. It is a six-part test that the Supreme Court of Canada has identified to take a look at how much is being copied, what alternatives exist, and what the economic impact or the impact of the person who is engaged in those sorts of copying is. That's the test that's used. There's a similar test in the United States.
Now, no one would ever ague that because the United States has fair use with no categories, any copying of any sort is perfectly permissible in the U.S. There are clearly limits to fair use, limits that are based upon this test.
Precisely the same situation is true here in Canada, where there are limits established by the courts. You heard me suggest that if there are real concerns about this, we could codify it within the legislation. What those limits ensure is that we are not talking about tens of millions of dollars in losses in unfettered copying whereby people will simply say, “I qualify for a category, so I can copy to my heart's content.” They will still have to ensure that the copying itself is fair.