Absolutely. I think you're correct to point out that, especially when you're dealing with a situation where remuneration is currently received by creators and by other rights holders, removing the remuneration would conflict with the normal exploitation of a work or would unreasonably prejudice legitimate interests of the rights holders. If you're familiar with our international obligation, you would recognize that these are two of the three-part steps that every exception needs to be met.
In Bill C-32 there is a surprising number of changes that outright eliminate remuneration that is currently being received. There are some in the education sector, there are some in the mechanical reproduction sector, and there are some in others as well.
It also goes to the ability of creators to be able to perceive future revenues. As the use is moved to a digital environment, the elimination of the licensing regimes and the undermining of collective society is going to have a serious impact on the ability of creators and rights holders to be able to actually benefit from the promise of the digital economy, which would otherwise allow them to receive compensation where the consumer is at, where the consumer is actually making uses.
When you think of the digital economy, you think of this seamless web of licences, licences that would be through collective society as well as directly with the rights holders, that would allow the uses to take place in a seamless way to the consumer, but where the creators and the rights holders would receive compensation. The elimination of these revenues today and the dismantling of collective societies generally, which Bill C-32 creates, would seriously undermine the innovation of these types of business models in the digital economy.