It's a new term that has arisen in the last year and a half, but it's basically the authoritarian use of emerging technologies—AI, facial recognition, algorithms, looking at machine-driven communications—that really is authoritarian in every sense of the word. It's going to control. You have no privacy. Everyone is being surveilled. It's being rolled out. It's being tested on the Uighurs. Human Rights Watch did a massive report on algorithms imposed on apps to capture the facial images of Uighurs. We're seeing emotional technology to read emotions. It's this whole set of emerging technologies. It's hard to abuse those in democracies because we have civil society and journalists and opposition parties, but in a one-party state, the government can tell engineers or whoever designs these to do exactly that, and there's no ethical rollout or any consideration.
That's what's happening. I wrote a piece for opencanada.org about this and what Canada should do. I'd be happy to share it with the group. It's an emerging issue. My institute is doing more and more work on this. I know Global Affairs Canada is starting to get involved in it as well.