Evidence of meeting #28 for Canada-China Relations in the 44th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was region.

A video is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

MPs speaking

Also speaking

Ian G. McKay  Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development
Weldon Epp  Assistant Deputy Minister, Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development
Gregory Smith  Director General, International Security Policy, Department of National Defence
Newton Shortliffe  Assistant Director, Collection, Canadian Security Intelligence Service
Cayle Oberwarth  Director General Operations, Strategic Joint Staff, Department of National Defence
Sarah Estabrooks  Director General, Policy and Foreign Relations, Canadian Security Intelligence Service
Frank Des Rosiers  Assistant Deputy Minister, Strategic Policy and Innovation, Department of Natural Resources
Darcy DeMarsico  Director General, Blue Economy Policy, Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Sandra McCardell  Assistant Deputy Minister, International Affairs Branch, Department of the Environment
Brent Napier  Director, Enforcement Policy and Programs, Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Kelly Torck  Director General, Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships, Department of the Environment
Clerk of the Committee  Ms. Christine Holke

3:35 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

I call this meeting to order.

Welcome to meeting number 28 of the House of Commons Special Committee on the Canada–People’s Republic of China Relationship.

Pursuant to the order of reference of May 16, 2022, the committee is meeting on its study of the Canada–People’s Republic of China relations with a focus on Canada’s Indo‐Pacific strategy.

I would like to make a few comments for the benefit of the witnesses and the members.

Today’s meeting is taking place in a hybrid format. Members are attending in person in the room and remotely using the Zoom application.

Please wait until I recognize you by name before speaking. For those participating by video conference, click on the microphone icon to activate your mic, and please mute yourself when you are not speaking.

For interpretation for those on Zoom, you have the choice, at the bottom of your screen, of floor, English or French. For those in the room, you can use the earpiece and select the desired channel.

I will remind you that all comments should be addressed through the chair. For members in the room, if you wish to speak, please raise your hand. For members on Zoom, please use the “raise hand” function. The clerk and I will manage the speaking order as best we can, and we appreciate your patience and understanding.

In deference to my colleague from the fisheries committee, I would also mention that if you have your earpiece too close to the microphone, that will cause feedback, which is very difficult for our interpreters, so be careful with that.

When he arrives, Mr. Boulerice is going to be substituting for Ms. McPherson.

3:35 p.m.

A voice

He's online.

3:35 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

He's online. There you are.

Alexandre, it's good to see you.

MP Leslie is subbing in for MP Kmiec for the first hour of the meeting, and Mr. Genuis, you're here as you, I presume.

3:35 p.m.

A voice

Ms. Lantsman.

3:35 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

Okay. You're here for Ms. Lantsman and the shoes are killing you. That's right.

3:35 p.m.

Conservative

Garnett Genuis Conservative Sherwood Park—Fort Saskatchewan, AB

Like officials, I wear multiple hats.

3:35 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

Very good. Okay.

All right, now I'd like to welcome our first panel. It is very good to be back in session where we're actually entertaining panels and getting feedback, in particular, on the Indo-Pacific strategy, which was really the focus of a lot of discussions some of us had in Washington with our counterparts on the select committee there.

I would like to welcome the guests for our first panel. We have Ambassador Ian McKay, ambassador of Canada to Japan and special envoy for the Indo-Pacific. From the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development, we have Weldon Epp, assistant deputy minister, Indo‐Pacific; and Amanda Strohan, director general, Indo‐Pacific strategic policy, planning and operations.

Ambassador McKay, you have up to five minutes.

Take yourself off mute, and you're on your way.

You're still on mute, Ambassador. You're speaking to us from the future, I know that, from the other side of the international dateline. There we go. Perfect.

3:35 p.m.

Ian G. McKay Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Hello everyone.

I first want to thank you for inviting me to appear before the committee today. I am pleased to be able to tell you about Canada's Indo-Pacific strategy and contribute to your study.

Canada has important issues at stake in the future of the Indo-Pacific region, which is the epicentre of a generational global change. Everything that is important to Canadians—national security, economic prosperity, democratic values, the quality of our environment, and human rights—will be shaped by the way the situation develops in that region and by Canada's relations with its Indo-Pacific partners.

This generational shift demands a response that is comprehensive and enduring and firmly rooted in Canada’s national interests, strengths and global priorities.

The Indo-Pacific is the fastest-growing economic region of the world and accounts for almost two-thirds of global growth. By 2030, it will be home to two-thirds of the global middle class. By 2040, the region will account for more than half of the global economy.

Canada’s Indo-Pacific strategy is built around five interconnected strategic objectives that build on decades of investment and engagement in the region. The five pillars are the following: promoting peace, resilience, and security; expanding trade, investment, and supply chain resilience; investing in and connecting people; building a sustainable and green future; and having Canada as an active and engaged partner to the Indo-Pacific.

In short, Mr. Chair, we're talking about security, trade, people-to-people exchange, climate and diplomacy. I’d like to take a minute to very briefly outline some of the key elements that are under way under each pillar of the strategy.

On peace and security, Canada is making significant contributions through the Canadian Armed Forces toward regional security. The deployment of three Royal Canadian Navy frigates, a supply ship and two RCAF planes, along with our increased participation in multilateral exercises in the region, has been very well received by our partners in the region. As well, through the strategy, Global Affairs is making significant contributions to build capacity in the region on counterterrorism and weapons threat reduction programs. These are in partnership with CBSA and the RCMP.

Under the trade pillar, the strategy is providing enhanced support for Canadian SMEs, entrepreneurs and industry associations to penetrate markets in the Indo-Pacific through the CanExport program. There is support for the Canadian chambers of commerce that operate throughout the region, and there are a series of team Canada trade missions to Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Korea and Indonesia. The first of these missions was in Japan one month ago, and over 150 companies from all over Canada participated in a highly successful mission.

The third pillar of the strategy, people-to-people exchanges, includes an expansion of Canada's SEED scholarship program to encourage up to 1,000 students to study in Canada, as well as a scholarship program to bring Canadian students, researchers and academics to pursue their studies and research in the Indo-Pacific, building more capacity and expertise for Canadians in the region.

On climate and sustainability, the Indo-Pacific strategy will support the scale-up of Canada’s remarkable clean-tech sector companies by supporting first commercial demonstrations in key Indo-Pacific markets. The recapitalization of FinDev Canada will allow Canada to participate in a more fulsome manner in the infrastructure and climate-related coastal degradation projects that are critical to so many countries in the Indo-Pacific region.

Finally, on diplomacy, through the Indo-Pacific strategy, Canada’s overarching priority is to become a more active, engaged and reliable partner in the region. We will increase and deepen political, economic and security partnerships with an expanded diplomatic presence in key posts, including opening for the first time a diplomatic mission in Fiji.

Canada’s Indo-Pacific strategy was created in large measure as a response to the emergence of China as a major global economic and military power and to deepen and broaden our engagements with partners in the region. This includes India, with which we are going through an extraordinarily difficult time. While nothing that has transpired in recent months could have been foreseen in the creation of the strategy, I'm of the view that the 10-year whole-of-government approach to the Indo-Pacific will allow us to weather this storm and other storms successfully.

With that, Mr. Chair, I'm happy to take your questions.

3:40 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

Thank you, Ambassador McKay.

We will now go to our first round of questioning, but I have not detailed our replacements on the Liberal side. We have Ms. Damoff in for Rob Oliphant. Mr. Casey is here for Madame Lalonde, and Mr. McDonald is here for Mr. Fragiskatos.

For our first round of questioning, for six minutes or less, we will go to Mr. Seeback.

3:40 p.m.

Conservative

Kyle Seeback Conservative Dufferin—Caledon, ON

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

In reading through the Indo-Pacific strategy, on page 9.... It talks about specific countries. It starts on page 7 with the People's Republic of China. Then, of course, the next country it talks about is India. Under the goals of Canada's engagement, it says, “seek to expand market access by concluding an Early Progress Trade Agreement (EPTA) as a step toward a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement”.

Where are we on the status of the early progress trade agreement with India?

3:40 p.m.

Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Ian G. McKay

With recent developments, the discussions toward a free trade agreement with India have been put on hold, in essence. They have been paused to allow for the process to unfold that will get us through this particular difficult situation with India.

Free trade agreements are extraordinarily complicated, complex, all-encompassing endeavours, and I think it would be important for those who are negotiating on both sides of the deal to be able to do so free of fairly significant and major distractions.

3:40 p.m.

Conservative

Kyle Seeback Conservative Dufferin—Caledon, ON

The next bullet point in the strategy is that Canada would “create a Canada-India desk within the Trade Commissioner Service to promote implementation of the EPTA”.

I assume that has not taken place yet, either.

3:45 p.m.

Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Ian G. McKay

That is my understanding as well.

If I'm incorrect, I'm sure Mr. Epp would correct me, but I presume that has also been on hold.

3:45 p.m.

Conservative

Kyle Seeback Conservative Dufferin—Caledon, ON

The next point there is “invest in and connect people...by bolstering Canada's visa-processing capacity in New Delhi and Chandigarh”. As a subset to that question, when I was on the immigration committee, it was put forward that visa applications were no longer actually being processed in Chandigarh. They were actually just collecting them and sending them to Delhi to be processed.

My question is two steps. One, is Canada bolstering its visa-processing capacity in New Delhi and Chandigarh? Then the subset of that is this: Are applications actually being processed in Chandigarh, or are they just collecting them and having them processed in New Delhi, as I was told at the immigration committee a little over a year ago?

3:45 p.m.

Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Ian G. McKay

As a result of the removal of two-thirds of the diplomats in our missions across India, that processing cannot happen in Chandigarh. We will await a re-establishment of those personnel being able to do their jobs in our consulates and in Delhi to complete this part of the strategy.

3:45 p.m.

Conservative

Kyle Seeback Conservative Dufferin—Caledon, ON

You didn't answer my second question. Are actual visas being processed in Chandigarh, as we are led to believe, or are they merely collecting these applications in Chandigarh and having them processed in New Delhi?

3:45 p.m.

Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Ian G. McKay

It is my understand that there is no processing going on in—

3:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pam Damoff Liberal Oakville North—Burlington, ON

I have a point of order, Chair.

3:45 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

Yes, go ahead, Ms. Damoff.

3:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pam Damoff Liberal Oakville North—Burlington, ON

I know I'm new here, but I thought this was the Canada-China committee, not the Canada-India committee.

3:45 p.m.

Conservative

Michael Chong Conservative Wellington—Halton Hills, ON

It's the Indo-Pacific strategy.

3:45 p.m.

Liberal

Pam Damoff Liberal Oakville North—Burlington, ON

Okay.

3:45 p.m.

Conservative

Kyle Seeback Conservative Dufferin—Caledon, ON

Take a look at the meeting notes before you—

3:45 p.m.

Liberal

The Chair Liberal Ken Hardie

We're looking at the Indo-Pacific strategy, so it's relevant.

Go ahead.

3:45 p.m.

Ambassador of Canada to Japan and Special Envoy for the Indo-Pacific, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development

Ian G. McKay

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

It is my understanding that the processing is not happening in Chandigarh at this moment.