Evidence of meeting #2 for Canadian Heritage in the 39th Parliament, 2nd Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was directive.
A recording is available from Parliament.
Conservative
The Chair Conservative Gary Schellenberger
Order.
We can now deal with the motion that the committee adopt the following motion and present a report to the House: That, in the opinion of the committee, any new directive to the CRTC from the Governor in Council amending the interpretation of the broadcasting policy for Canada or the Canadian telecommunications policy be first put before the House for its approval.
Would you like to speak on the motion?
Maria Mourani Bloc Ahuntsic, QC
Yes, thank you.
I would like to thank my colleagues for kindly agreeing to deal with this motion right away.
The idea is that if the minister wants to make a change of any kind by order, it would have to come to the House. In other words, any change to or interpretation of the act should come to the House.
I read an article in which the Minister of Canadian Heritage said that there would be changes. So they have to come to the House. Otherwise, we do not know where the changes are coming from. With new directives, we end up with a kind of deregulation, subject to market forces, and so on. That is all.
Liberal
Mauril Bélanger Liberal Ottawa—Vanier, ON
Mr. Chair, I am a little confused and I will try to explain why.
First, I completely agree. I think that directives issued by the executive branch telling the CRTC how to interpret or which criteria to use should be... It happened last year. At the suggestion of Mr. Bernier, the Minister of Industry, the governor in council issued a directive on telecommunications under which the marketplace should determine the interpretations.
So I am in agreement. But let me tell you about an exercise I went through. I asked the Library of Parliament who would take precedence if the will of Parliament, expressed by a majority vote in the Commons, went counter to the will of the executive, expressed by a directive in the form of an order in council. I did not like the answer, as you can imagine. It seems that acts as presently drafted give the executive the authority to issue directives. If such a conflict arose, the order in council, the Cabinet directive in other words, would take precedence.
Just such a directive was issued by order in council last year. You will remember that it came on the recommendation of the Minister of Industry. You will also remember that, in the first session last year, the House passed a report from this committee that contained a motion to the effect that it was the will of the Parliament of Canada that the government should not allow changes to restrictions on foreign holdings, that it should keep its rules on Canadian content and on the funding of a public broadcaster. I made that motion here and the committee supported it. We tabled a report in the House, and it was passed. So we have a good argument that the Bernier directive went counter to the will of the House. Now, because of convergence, if the governor in council issues directives on telecommunications, they will inevitably have repercussions for broadcasting. That is what is happening, and it explains the fear that the arts and culture communities are expressing loudly.
I support the motion, but unfortunately, Canadian laws as they are presently written make it moot. That is why I wanted to take the time to explain. If we ask for a legal opinion—and I think that is going to happen—the opinion or decision—I do not really know what form it would take—will unfortunately prove me right.
Because of that, instead of saying “for its approval”, we could say “for information”. Then it would be clear, and anyway, that is what would happen.
So, Ms. Mourani, all this is to say that I share your frustration. But the law being as it is, I think that it would be better to table a bill that would amend either of the acts that concern us, that is, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Act or the act that allows the executive branch to issue directives. At the moment, at least according to what the Library of Parliament tells me, the executive has the right to issue directives even if they go against the will of Parliament as expressed by a majority of members.
Liberal
Conservative
Ed Fast Conservative Abbotsford, BC
Mr. Chair, I do agree with Mr. Bélanger's analysis of the law. The minister does have the right to a Governor in Council order to make certain directions to the CRTC.
My concern is this: the motion seems to imply that the broadcasting policy of Canada can somehow be amended by the minister issuing a directive. In fact, that's not the case. The Broadcasting Act actually sets out the broadcasting policy for Canada. I believe it's section 8 of the Broadcasting Act that actually spells out that any amendments to the broadcasting policy have to be placed before both houses of Parliament. So that protection is already there.
I think what this motion does is go far beyond that. What it does is call into question, and in fact challenges, the minister's right to issue directives that are within his power through a Governor in Council directive. That's my concern. We're going far beyond what's within our jurisdiction to do. In fact, I would suggest the motion is essentially ultra vires, which I think reflects what Mr. Bélanger has said.
I understand where she wants to go with it, but it's something that just cannot be done. So certainly on our side, we'll be voting against this motion.
Liberal
Andy Scott Liberal Fredericton, NB
I think the objective of having extra executive scrutiny of the interpretation would be positive on two fronts. I think that scrutiny would in fact add value to the process. It doesn't have anything to do with the authority of the executive council to do this; it's in the legislation. That isn't to say that we as a committee couldn't suggest to the executive council that additional scrutiny would be helpful on content.
Secondly, I think if the executive council were aware that there would be some additional scrutiny in terms of their interpretation of the broadcasting policy, it might change the way they consider it--the political reality--if somewhere between the directive and the CRTC, someone is considering it. And it probably is appropriate that it be this committee.
If the reference here is to the House. The committee is a creature of the House with, presumably, expertise in the area, and it strikes me that it would be a more efficient way to have the House offer scrutiny by depositing it with this committee.
It's not unlike the fact that we look at Governor in Council appointments. We can't jettison, but we do offer scrutiny, and there's some value in that, obviously--they send them to us.
So I think perhaps the objective could be met within the letter and spirit of the law by simply suggesting to the executive council that it is this committee's belief that it would add value to the process to have interpretations of the broadcasting policy and to include us in that process. I think it would change the way they would do it, and I think we would add value to the process.
Bloc
Luc Malo Bloc Verchères—Les Patriotes, QC
Thank you , Mr. Chair.
If the word “approval” is too strong, given the law that governs us in this, “information” is suitable, because, when all is said and done, this motion only says that changes must be made openly and that the public should be informed. Any change to the interpretation of the policy must be transparent. That is all. I would be interested in seeing this amendment, which reflects the spirit of the motion, supported by all our colleagues.
Liberal
Don Bell Liberal North Vancouver, BC
Thank you.
I was going to suggest something like what I heard Mr. Malo say, that instead of the word “approval” it be either “consideration and comment”, or the word “scrutiny”. I listened with interest to Mr. Scott's suggestion that this committee has in fact been charged by the House with this responsibility.
I don't think that I heard Mr. Fast's comments about the power or the responsibilities of the minister, and I don't see there being an intent here to take that away. I would be comfortable with changing either the word “approval” to “consideration and comment” or the word “scrutiny”, whichever was deemed to be the most appropriate, and either leaving it as “the House” or to “this committee” or “before this standing committee of the House”, because this committee reports to the House in its public meetings.
So it may be that this is the most appropriate place to take that because this is where actual debate would occur, as opposed to in the House, where at any given time the chances of a dialogue and debate and therefore of arriving at a conclusion.... It's more a place where statements are made as opposed to true debate taking place.
NDP
Bill Siksay NDP Burnaby—Douglas, BC
Thank you, Chair.
I do support this motion, although I think the discussion has been helpful. So I'd like to propose an amendment that after the word “House” adds the phrase “through the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage” and that changes the final word “approval” to “consideration”.
NDP
Bill Siksay NDP Burnaby—Douglas, BC
So after the word “House” we would add the phrase “through the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage”, and we would change the final word “approval” to “consideration”.
Chair, I think this would allow us to do appropriate oversight in that process and do very appropriate work. I don't think it changes the ultimate responsibility in any way, but I think it will add something of value to the process, as others have stated.
Conservative
Jim Abbott Conservative Kootenay—Columbia, BC
Again, as has been said, while it's understandable that there may be frustration, and there may be some desirability to do some of these things, I've taken the time to take some advice. I'll be repeating, perhaps, something of what Mr. Fast has already said, but I'd like to put on the record five or six points.
The Broadcasting Act approved by Parliament sets out the broadcasting policy of Canada. There's no authority in the act to amend the broadcasting policy. This would require a legislative amendment that would come before this committee. The Governor in Council has the power to issue a policy direction to the CRTC subject to the process established in section 8 of the Broadcasting Act.
By virtue of section 8, any proposed policy direction must be laid before each House of Parliament and referred to such committee as the House deems appropriate. This ensures that Parliament has the opportunity to consider the proposals. The Broadcasting Act requires that any proposed policy direction be published in the Canada Gazette and that comments be invited from the public. There are no powers of direction in the Broadcasting Act that would allow for the Governor in Council to direct the CRTC on how to interpret the broadcasting policy for Canada established in the act.
Now, all of those points being the case, voting in favour of this motion is something that in our democratic process everyone is free to do, but, with absolutely no disrespect intended whatsoever, to do so is rather meaningless, because what we're voting on as a committee and what we're asking for is not envisioned in the Broadcasting Act. So unless the committee is going to recommend a wholesale change to the Broadcasting Act, the motion really cannot have any effect.
Bloc
Maria Mourani Bloc Ahuntsic, QC
Thank you, Mr. Chair.
Thanks also to my colleague. In a way, there was a small problem with the act. So it should be changed. But that is another story.
As for the amendments, it would be a good idea to add the word “information”. But I wonder whether we want to go through the committee in order to report to the House, or whether we should go directly to the House. Why go through intermediaries when we can ask the minister to report to the House? It is better for changes to go directly through the House than through the committee.
If there is a legal problem, I do not see why the committee would not also be involved. But if that can be avoided, why not go directly through the House? Involving all our colleagues would be more democratic.
Liberal
Andy Scott Liberal Fredericton, NB
First of all, in response to Jim's intervention, it could be with meeting. If the executive council decided not to act on a motion, that would be at their discretion, because they're the ones who have the authority to do this now. That doesn't mean that it wouldn't also be in their discretion to say “Yes, that's a good idea, and we will include the committee in our deliberations”.
If you're suggesting it wouldn't happen, that is a judgment. But you can't argue that it couldn't happen. The executive council has the authority to engage a process, whatever process it wishes to engage in acting on its authority. So we're asking them to do this.
On the question of it going to the House, I don't think it's going to the House. By suggesting it goes to the House, the only thing the House could do is offer scrutiny. It couldn't make a decision, because it doesn't have the authority to do that. Or the executive council does, and that would speak to what Jim was saying.
Therefore, it strikes me that all we're really doing is putting parliamentarians in a process that would offer consideration, comment. The executive council can accept it or reject it. We accept that. In my view, this is the place to do that. This is the group that has the expertise, that deals with the Broadcasting Act, that deals with these issues regularly on behalf of all parliamentarians. So it strikes me that I can't agree with the interpretation that says it would be meaningless, or it wouldn't happen, or it couldn't happen.
It may be the member's judgment that it wouldn't, but I don't accept his judgment that it couldn't. It would be up to the executive council to exercise its authority any way it wishes.