I will be as succinct as possible.
In its decision in the Zundel case in 1992, the Supreme Court invalidated the crime of disseminating fake news. Various people think that the legislator cannot take action as a result of that decision. I think that is misguided.
Let me give you an example. France has enacted very balanced legislation. It is innovative. I am referring to an electoral law that prohibits the mass dissemination of fake news. It does not pertain to exaggerations or mere opinions, but rather what can be objectively verified as fake news, such as something from a foreign state that is likely to affect the outcome of an election. So it is possible. The French Constitutional Council validated this and provided guidelines for interpretation.