Thank you for the question.
This certainly is a really important issue. Some countries have gone around it. In Estonia, for example, they allow you to vote online as many times as you would like up until election day, with your final vote counting, so if you're at home with your partner and they're a staunch NDP supporter, and you're a staunch Conservative supporter, even though you shouldn't observe voting, you could cast a vote for the NDP, let's say, and then tomorrow when you go to work cast your vote for the Conservatives. Then some people say, ”Well, you know, what happens if you're in a situation where this person knows that, and they are with you right at the last moment that you can vote online?” Then some areas will still allow you to actually vote on election day, and that vote would override your previous Internet vote.
Municipalities in Canada have gotten around that—because certainly it's a concern—by doing a lot of outreach and education and by passing bylaws to increase penalties and remind people of the penalties for doing that. Your vote should be a secret ballot and you should not be influencing other people. You could go to jail or pay a fine, and they found that has been effective.