I think maybe you're asking two things here. First, who has the regulatory responsibility? That's the provinces. Two, who has the moral responsibility for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the country? I don't think you can say that belongs with one single jurisdiction. That's why I'm suggesting that work on moving this technology forward is going to be required from all levels of government.
Evidence of meeting #58 for Environment and Sustainable Development in the 39th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was technology.
A recording is available from Parliament.