It's a good question. I believe the answer is yes. It is possible that it would increase the ability of members of the public, or of any kind of group, to go before the courts to ask that measures be put in place to protect the environment.
You should also know that clause 23 on civil action is only one possibility in a wide range of possibilities. In that situation, the defendant could be Hydro-Québec or anyone else.
But under clause 16, there would also be the possibility of bringing an environmental protection action against the government. So there could also be an action against the federal government for failing to enforce the Fisheries Act.
So various scenarios could happen. The important point is that significant environmental harm must be shown. It could not be done for any reason.
It is the same situation as with the Environment Quality Act in Quebec. Subsection 19.1 gives Quebeckers the right to a healthy environment. They may be granted an injunction and, if they want, they may use that section to challenge measures taken by Hydro-Québec as well.