Yes, I think the three Rs, honestly, have been around. The three Rs are replacement, reduction and refinement of animals in scientific research and testing. This was written back in 1959, and not much has changed.
If you think about it, if the scientific community were really adhering to these practices, we would not be using this many animals. In Canada we use over four million animals a year. It's over 200 million animals around the globe. The numbers have risen since 1959, so unless we make concrete proposals to replace, first, and then reduce and then refine the procedures.... Because we're going to be using animals for the foreseeable future, and those animals deserve better care to have their pain and suffering minimized, refinement should be in there, but not on an equal footing with replacement, which should be prioritized.