Thank you.
It goes without saying that policies, regulations and so on interact. Even so, it's possible to measure or estimate the impact of each policy, each act and each regulation more accurately than what we're seeing now.
Those interactions shouldn't prevent the department from doing a better job of assessing how effective strategies and policies are at achieving their goals. Once drafted, each regulation or strategy has an objective, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions by a certain number of megatonnes. However, as you said, Canada's emissions have gone up instead of down over the past 25 to 30 years. We've been having these problems for three decades now.
That's why we offer recommendations so the department can improve its approach to things like modelling and estimating rather than fall back on the interactions excuse. I know that those interactions exist and that it's probably impossible to get precise answers about each and every policy, but it is possible to do better.
That's clearly something they need to do so that Canada can finally hit a target after 30 years of missing them.