There are rules in PIPEDA regarding that law's jurisdiction and my office's jurisdiction over activities outside of Canada. There needs to be a sufficient link to commercial activities in Canada for PIPEDA to apply. In many cases, foreign companies have commercial activities that have an important link to Canadians. They offer services to Canadians, and that means that PIPEDA applies even though the company is outside Canada.
On February 1st, 2018. See this statement in context.