Interference is more of a secret intervention.
I'm going to say this in English, just to be clear.
With the Chinese, one thing that's really difficult is.... If you take what happened in B.C.—it was Kenny Chiu's riding—there was stuff that started in China in newspapers and was picked up on WeChat. There were people in the community who said, gee, this guy Kenny Chiu is a bad guy because he'll bring in this foreign influence registry that's going to require all Chinese to register and the Conservative Party is going to break relations or whatever. The question is, how much of this was being orchestrated by Beijing and how much of this was a genuine view of Chinese Canadians or other Canadians?
There are people in Canada who have business relations with China and who have very strong interests in maintaining them. If a party takes a view that's counter to China's, they may, completely in good faith, be expressing their views. On the other hand, there are other people who may have family in China who have been threatened, and they need to speak the party line. How you tell the difference between the two is very hard.