Okay.
I ask the question because I assume it takes a lot of energy to get to the point of signing these bilateral agreements. And, we may wonder about the outcome.
As we said when we did our study on tax havens, there is a lot of doubt about whether bilateral treaties are really the best way of handling this issue. It's better to have them than not, but the progress made is still minimal.
You are probably aware of the article that appeared recently in The Economist. I would like to quote something from it. Unfortunately, it's only in English.
Now accountants can shuffle intangible assets such as intellectual property, and the profits they generate, from one jurisdiction to another with ease. A confusing thicket of bilateral tax treaties lets them play off national rules against each other.
They give an example of the “double Irish with a Dutch sandwich”, which you might be aware of.