First, Mr. Fast, thank you for your kind comments. You made a similar comment that I really appreciated when I delivered the budget. I will take this opportunity to recognize a woman who I think deserves the respect of all of us, and that is Kim Campbell, Canada's first woman prime minister. She was, of course, a Conservative, so I will take this opportunity in turn to congratulate you and your party for having broken that glass ceiling, and to congratulate Ms. Campbell.
You have addressed some questions broadly around fiscal sustainability in the budget and around debt and deficits, and around the FES projections and the budget projections. Let me make a few comments.
The first comment I would make is that when it comes to the growth projections, a long-standing practice, in fact one that dates back to 1994, is that the budget is based on the average of forecasts of private sector economists. I think this is a great example of institutional strength of Canadian institutions and I make that point to the committee to be clear about why the projections have changed. The projections of private sector economists have changed and that has been what we have used as the basis of our fiscal track. Now, I know that members of this committee are well aware of this, but I just want to be clear with all Canadians.
To the second point around the sustainability of our spending, I assure members of the committee that I am very confident that the spending in our budget is reasonable and sustainable. There are a couple of key markers that I would point people to. The first is that we show a declining debt-to-GDP ratio, falling to 49.2% in 2025-26, and likewise, a declining deficit, falling to 1.1% in that outer year. I would also point out that it is not merely my judgment that the debt and deficit track is reasonable and sustainable, it's also the judgment of some important outside validators. I would start by citing S&P. On April 26, they reaffirmed Canada's AAA credit rating, the highest there is, and said that the outlook was stable. That was after reviewing our budget.
I would also point to comments published today of former governor Stephen Poloz, who was, of course, appointed by Prime Minister Harper. He actually spoke about how in his view the assumptions in the budget were actually quite small-c conservative and that he did believe there was a sustainable path.