There are a lot of places we can start. We talked about tax credits and procurement. To my mind, these are supply-and-demand sides of the same equation about how we make sure we're getting more innovation in the economy.
On the supply side—and traditionally we've been better at this in Canada—there has been a lot of emphasis on tax credits and research funding. We provided a bunch of recommendations on how we can make SR and ED more effective at targeting the outcomes we want rather than continuing to be focused on just the input. We think that's a promising way forward.
On the demand side, we mentioned earlier our report on procurement. I think this is a really underused lever in Canada compared to a lot of other advanced economies. Of course, the U.S. has had the small business innovation research program in place for several decades now, which produced a lot of really interesting spinoffs, both technological and economic. This is a thing the EU is experimenting with a lot more. I mentioned Finland earlier. It has a very progressive structure of programs that all interlock and build up a lot of competence, while making sure that its municipal and regional governments are included, which is something that historically has not been much of a feature in Canadian innovation policy. Between those two things, there would be an interesting set of levers.
On the IP side, we talked a little about the education piece, and I think it's really critical. We talked about the IAC, which contributes to that. I also want to highlight the work done by the industrial research assistance program, IRAP, out of the National Research Council, one of Canada's most successful industrial policy programs, really, for the last 75 years. The combination of business, public sector and technical expertise makes it unparalleled as a place to develop genuine expertise and to help companies navigate technological and business trends.