I'll go ahead.
Our institute regularly compiles inventories of fossil fuel subsidies. Those are available on our website. We did one for 2018-19. We also did one after COVID.
We identify a number of measures in those documents. Some of them are direct spending programs and many of them are tax measures. I'll focus on the tax measures because we don't have a lot of information for those, and a report from the PBO earlier this year estimated that several billions of dollars are potentially being forgone by government per year.
These are types of subsidies that we would classify as inefficient. We argue that they're a poor use of public money primarily because they enable increased production of fossil fuels. We know we need to be reducing the production of fossil fuels if we're going to meet our 1.5°C target. That's what the evidence from the IPCC and the IEA reports shows us.