What happened five years ago when we had the first plan is that we sat down with the provinces and developed a full action plan with numerous actions. Then, what the government decided to do was to invest in prevention, because when the different species are established, it's very difficult to deal with.
The $4 million is actually for direct activities. There's $2 million of the $4 million that is attached to the sea lamprey program in the Great Lakes. It's a Canada-U.S. joint agreement that has been going on for about 50 years now. This $2 million was actually to bring the Canadian contribution to par with the American one.
The extra $2 million is for the performance of various scientific activities, policy and regulatory activities, and all associated socio-economic activities. For example, $600,000 is being provided to the regions to do monitoring and detection of new species.
There's about $600,000 that is going directly to research. Out of the $600,000, there's $200,000 that goes to support a joint DFO-university research network on invasive species that is funded by NSERC at the level of $1 million per year. Over the last five years, we've had that. The network is based at the University of Windsor and they're coming back with a proposal to expand further and have some Arctic activities because we're facing new challenges up there.