In fact, the information related to labelling can be transmitted at any step in the food chain. It can be posted on the menu board of a restaurant, for example, where the origin of the trout being served could be posted, or by means of a small sign posted on the front of the fish counter at the grocery store.
That said, there are many inspection bodies. For example, in Quebec, there is the ministry of agriculture, fisheries and food, or MAPAQ. Everything depends on the type of certification obtained by an organization, and whether or not the certification falls under federal regulation. For example, MAPAQ can ensure that the product has not been misrepresented. If a grocery store has a smoker, the standards will be different. It really varies from one place to another.
Could federal standards apply to what is written on a menu board in a restaurant? Who will ensure that the standards are followed?
Despite all possible goodwill, I doubt that compliance with these standards can be ensured, since the current Canadian regulations are not being enforced and products in violation of the regulations are easy to find on supermarket shelves.
I understand that we want to equip ourselves with very broad standards, but I don't believe that it is possible to enforce them, given our current resources.