Thank you for this question.
I think the two biggest threats.... It came up pretty much in everyone's testimony here today that one of them is climate change and what it's doing both in river and to the Bering Sea. Secondarily, they can have increased ecosystem pressures in the Bering Sea that are not directly related to climate change and have to do with large-scale fishing, which hurts salmon as bycatch but also is changing the food webs in the Bering Sea in other ways.
In terms of tools, I think one tool that has been effective in other situations in the United States, where species are both endangered but critical for subsistence, is to have a much clearer way of comanaging the salmon stocks between first nations and Alaskan native communities and the federal and state governments to set priorities that would be more in line with what Chief Pitka and Dennis Zimmermann both outlined in thinking about salmon not just as numbers but in terms of the health of the fish and how they're being used along the river.
I think that secondly—