That's an interesting question, and I'm glad that you're asking me that, because it's a question that gets raised very often.
My mandate is to estimate the cost of government proposals. The carbon tax is a government proposal. The cost of climate change is a relatively new area, and we have tried to estimate the cost of climate change under two scenarios: the scenario where all commitments are fully respected globally and the scenario where only actions that have been implemented are implemented—nothing more. We find that there is a cost. I don't have the numbers off the top of my head, but there will be costs of climate change over a long period of time.
There's a thing to keep in mind, though. Greenhouse gases have been emitted over decades, if not centuries, and it's a stock issue as much as it is a flow issue, so there are two issues to distinguish. Even if the world were to stop emitting greenhouse gases today, there would still be global warming because the planet, according to climate scientists, has already warmed up. If we were to stop emitting greenhouse gases, the forest fires that have presumably been attributed to climate change could continue. It's not me saying that. It's the climate scientists.
There's that issue, which one has to keep in mind. There have been climate elements and climate-related events. Climate policies will prevent things from getting worse, but the point at which we are today is where we are.