This is a great question. One area where we're really kind of frustrated with the data available is that we don't know whether those contracts led to value. We know from larger studies that larger contracts are more likely to lead to failure. Our assumption that those large contracts are problematic is based on that. That is also the rule that any other government that is doing well on digital is following.
So we don't know. We recommend in the paper adopting the open contracting data standard. These sorts of new ways of thinking about disclosure of contracting could include outcomes, which is really what you care about. If it cost $80 million, what did we get for that? This is an important question that we can't answer right now.