It's not at all surprising that if you have a self-identification framework, you're going to have a certain portion of people who are unscrupulous enough to self-identify as whatever they perceive to be in their interest in the moment. That's fairly obvious.
I want to go to enforcement now. Mr. Beaton made some interesting and I think important comments about enforcement, highlighting the fact that there are publicized cases of people who are outright making false claims of indigenous identity—the Randy Boissonnault case, for example—but there are likely many more claims of deceptive structure. It's not actually a person who is not indigenous saying they're indigenous; it's more a case of a structure that is designed to partially incorporate an indigenous company, but in a way that preserves all of the benefit for the non-indigenous side of that partnership.
Also, Mr. Beaton made the point about a lack of audits, in that claims might be made about indigenous benefits or about how that benefit-sharing or work-sharing process is going to unfold, but those claims are not followed through on and are not enforced.
I wonder if we can get both witness groups to comment on the failure to enforce some of these rules—why there's a lack of enforcement, who should be enforcing them and how we can improve enforcement specifically.