In my view, it has started to have an impact but the full scale of its impact will not be fully revealed until we actually have a fully functioning fully digitized system operating for a few years. It will take some time to really know the extent to which the digital improvements we're making, which were tied to McKinsey's work, will actually bear fruit. The early signs that I'm observing indicate that they are having a positive impact. Whether it's from an accessibility point of view, allowing people to apply online more quickly, giving them information about their cases on their phones or having a process that allows us to leverage the global network of offices to maximize productivity, there are many ways in which movement towards the digital system is going to have a positive impact.
Some of this work could have been done internally within IRCC, but it would have taken longer, probably years longer. Given the significant uptick in volume that's been put on the department and the ministry, particularly over the course of the pandemic and since, I don't think the system could have handled such an increase in volume if we didn't continue to quickly move towards a more digital system.