Thank you very much.
Thank you both for coming.
Dr. Zemek, I liked hearing your perspective. You were here when I was in the early part. Much of my career was in a community hospital that saw children and adults. The last eight years I was at a teaching hospital that saw exclusively adults.
You made a good point about the number of concussions that are not sport-related. In our practice, I'll admit, whenever we thought of concussion we thought sports. We worked in the inner city, and we saw all sorts of blunt trauma assaults. When we were treating them, we were not thinking of concussion when someone had been robbed of their wallet. It's a good point, and I think medical education needs to really step up in recognizing this.
I was also disappointed—not in you—when you said there's no magic bullet imaging. I was hoping you'd say that you now have a magic imaging bullet that can say, “Yeah, this is concussion,” but there still isn't one and it's still elusive.
One of the things about imaging, something that's starting to come up now, is that we do know there's a lot of imaging that is not useful, but we also know that in the early days of the CT scanner, we did it a lot, and we didn't think there was any harm to it. It wasn't until later studies in radiation that we realized there probably is an effect, and 30 years out, a lot of clinicians are biting their nails over what's going to start sprouting from these CT scans 30 years ago. Have you been tracking any data with concussion in regard to those who have been inappropriately imaged over time, and are you seeing any trends into more responsible or conservative imaging?