I am going to answer in French.
Some authors say that this obesity crisis requires the development of a whole new social movement. We are clearly seeing that this affects every sector of society. I think the first step is for there to be a broadly shared understanding within society of the issues that you and I have identified.
If we adopt a vision that focuses on nutrition and physical activity, we will achieve meaningful results, but that won't be enough. Indeed, some aspects of the issue really require us to get to the root of the problem. We obviously can't change the universe or return to the kind of lifestyle that existed long ago. Nor is that what we want. However, it is important to be conscious of the fact that social transformation is occurring, and that we did not foresee any of the consequences of that transformation. One example might be that even though parents work, many primary schools don't have the necessary infrastructure for children to be able to have lunch on site. Provision could have been made for that sort of thing. It is difficult to find solutions when there is a lack of infrastructure. Furthermore, it becomes very costly.
So, we are going to have to be very creative and focus instead on a social movement. We will also have to think very deeply about issues related to commercialization, including the role of advertising, particularly when it's directed at children. They have not developed enough of a critical mind to be able to deal with advertising.
Furthermore, social norms are a new concept that is a subject of research and one that is increasing being explored. They allow people to have a different concept of life. That is very powerful from a social standpoint. Implementing such an approach would have a more meaningful impact than current measures, which attempt only to change individual behaviours. The fact is that individuals are part and parcel of those social norms.
If it is deemed to be normal for children to walk over to their friends' house, that is what they will do. Public awareness campaigns can help to transform social norms, but as regards certain behaviours, they have to be shown to be abnormal. If drinking soda pop is considered to be normal behaviour, for example, children will drink soda pop and advertising will continue to reinforce that lifestyle choice. Everyone will find that normal.
But creating a social movement and changing certain aspects of our society is a major challenge. We all feel rather overwhelmed; there is no doubt about that.